1 /*        $NetBSD: alloc.c,v 1.28 2019/03/31 20:08:45 christos Exp $  */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1993
5  *        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  *        @(#)alloc.c         8.1 (Berkeley) 6/11/93
35  *
36  *
37  * Copyright (c) 1997 Christopher G. Demetriou.  All rights reserved.
38  * Copyright (c) 1996
39  *        Matthias Drochner.  All rights reserved.
40  *
41  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
42  * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
43  *
44  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
45  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
46  * are met:
47  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
48  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
49  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
50  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
51  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
52  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
53  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
54  *        This product includes software developed by the University of
55  *        California, Berkeley and its contributors.
56  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
57  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
58  *    without specific prior written permission.
59  *
60  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
61  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
62  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
63  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
64  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
65  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
66  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
67  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
68  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
69  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
70  * SUCH DAMAGE.
71  *
72  *        @(#)alloc.c         8.1 (Berkeley) 6/11/93
73  *
74  *
75  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1991 Carnegie Mellon University
76  * All Rights Reserved.
77  *
78  * Author: Alessandro Forin
79  *
80  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
81  * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
82  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
83  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
84  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
85  *
86  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
87  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
88  * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
89  *
90  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
91  *
92  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
93  *  School of Computer Science
94  *  Carnegie Mellon University
95  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
96  *
97  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
98  * rights to redistribute these changes.
99  */
100 
101 /*
102  * Dynamic memory allocator.
103  *
104  * Compile options:
105  *
106  *        HEAP_LIMIT          heap limit address (defaults to "no limit").
107  *
108  *        HEAP_START          start address of heap (defaults to '&end').
109  *
110  *        DEBUG               enable debugging sanity checks.
111  */
112 
113 #include <sys/param.h>
114 #include "stand.h"
115 
116 /*
117  * Each block actually has ALIGN(unsigned int) + ALIGN(size) bytes allocated
118  * to it, as follows:
119  *
120  * 0 ... (sizeof(unsigned int) - 1)
121  *        allocated or unallocated: holds size of user-data part of block.
122  *
123  * sizeof(unsigned int) ... (ALIGN(sizeof(unsigned int)) - 1)
124  *        allocated: unused
125  *        unallocated: depends on packing of struct fl
126  *
127  * ALIGN(sizeof(unsigned int)) ...
128  *     (ALIGN(sizeof(unsigned int)) + ALIGN(data size) - 1)
129  *        allocated: user data
130  *        unallocated: depends on packing of struct fl
131  *
132  * 'next' is only used when the block is unallocated (i.e. on the free list).
133  * However, note that ALIGN(sizeof(unsigned int)) + ALIGN(data size) must
134  * be at least 'sizeof(struct fl)', so that blocks can be used as structures
135  * when on the free list.
136  *
137  * When HEAP_LIMIT is defined and the heap limit is reached, alloc() panics.
138  * Otherwise, it never fails.
139  */
140 struct fl {
141           unsigned int        size;
142           struct fl *next;
143 } *freelist;
144 
145 #ifdef HEAP_VARIABLE
146 static char *top, *heapstart, *heaplimit;
147 void
setheap(void * start,void * limit)148 setheap(void *start, void *limit)
149 {
150           heapstart = top = start;
151           heaplimit = limit;
152 }
153 #define HEAP_START heapstart
154 #define HEAP_LIMIT heaplimit
155 #else /* !HEAP_VARIABLE */
156 #ifndef HEAP_START
157 extern char end[];
158 #define HEAP_START end
159 #endif
160 static char *top = (char *)HEAP_START;
161 #endif /* HEAP_VARIABLE */
162 
163 __compactcall void *
alloc(size_t size)164 alloc(size_t size)
165 {
166           struct fl **f = &freelist, **bestf = NULL;
167           unsigned int bestsize = 0xffffffff;     /* greater than any real size */
168           char *help;
169           int failed;
170 
171           /* scan freelist */
172           while (*f) {
173                     if ((size_t)(*f)->size >= size) {
174                               if ((size_t)(*f)->size == size) /* exact match */
175                                         goto found;
176 
177                               if ((*f)->size < bestsize) {
178                                         /* keep best fit */
179                                         bestf = f;
180                                         bestsize = (*f)->size;
181                               }
182                     }
183                     f = &((*f)->next);
184           }
185 
186           /* no match in freelist if bestsize unchanged */
187           failed = (bestsize == 0xffffffff);
188 
189           if (failed) { /* nothing found */
190                     /*
191                      * allocate from heap, keep chunk len in
192                      * first word
193                      */
194                     help = top;
195 
196                     /* make _sure_ the region can hold a struct fl. */
197                     if (size < ALIGN(sizeof (struct fl *)))
198                               size = ALIGN(sizeof (struct fl *));
199                     top += ALIGN(sizeof(unsigned int)) + ALIGN(size);
200 #ifdef HEAP_LIMIT
201                     if (top > (char *)HEAP_LIMIT)
202                               panic("heap full (%p+%zu)", help, size);
203 #endif
204                     *(unsigned int *)(void *)help = (unsigned int)ALIGN(size);
205                     return help + ALIGN(sizeof(unsigned int));
206           }
207 
208           /* we take the best fit */
209           f = bestf;
210 
211 found:
212           /* remove from freelist */
213           help = (char *)(void *)*f;
214           *f = (*f)->next;
215           return help + ALIGN(sizeof(unsigned int));
216 }
217 
218 __compactcall void
219 /*ARGSUSED*/
dealloc(void * ptr,size_t size)220 dealloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
221 {
222           struct fl *f =
223               (struct fl *)(void *)((char *)(void *)ptr -
224               ALIGN(sizeof(unsigned int)));
225 #ifdef DEBUG
226           if (size > (size_t)f->size) {
227                     printf("%s: %zu bytes @%p, should be <=%u\n", __func__,
228                               size, ptr, f->size);
229           }
230 
231           if (ptr < (void *)HEAP_START)
232                     printf("%s: %p before start of heap.\n", __func__, ptr);
233 
234 #ifdef HEAP_LIMIT
235           if (ptr > (void *)HEAP_LIMIT)
236                     printf("%s: %p beyond end of heap.\n", __func__, ptr);
237 #endif
238 #endif /* DEBUG */
239           /* put into freelist */
240           f->next = freelist;
241           freelist = f;
242 }
243