1package Sys::Syslog;
2use strict;
3use Carp;
4require 5.006;
5require Exporter;
6
7our $VERSION = '0.13';
8our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
9
10our %EXPORT_TAGS = (
11    standard => [qw(openlog syslog closelog setlogmask)],
12    extended => [qw(setlogsock)],
13    macros => [qw(
14        LOG_ALERT LOG_AUTH LOG_AUTHPRIV LOG_CONS LOG_CRIT LOG_CRON
15        LOG_DAEMON LOG_DEBUG LOG_EMERG LOG_ERR LOG_FACMASK LOG_FTP
16        LOG_INFO LOG_KERN LOG_LFMT LOG_LOCAL0 LOG_LOCAL1 LOG_LOCAL2
17        LOG_LOCAL3 LOG_LOCAL4 LOG_LOCAL5 LOG_LOCAL6 LOG_LOCAL7 LOG_LPR
18        LOG_MAIL LOG_NDELAY LOG_NEWS LOG_NFACILITIES LOG_NOTICE
19        LOG_NOWAIT LOG_ODELAY LOG_PERROR LOG_PID LOG_PRIMASK LOG_SYSLOG
20        LOG_USER LOG_UUCP LOG_WARNING
21    )],
22);
23
24our @EXPORT = (
25    @{$EXPORT_TAGS{standard}},
26);
27
28our @EXPORT_OK = (
29    @{$EXPORT_TAGS{extended}},
30    @{$EXPORT_TAGS{macros}},
31);
32
33# it would be nice to try stream/unix first, since that will be
34# most efficient. However streams are dodgy - see _syslog_send_stream
35my @connectMethods = ( 'tcp', 'udp', 'unix', 'stream', 'console' );
36if ($^O =~ /^(freebsd|linux)$/) {
37    @connectMethods = grep { $_ ne 'udp' } @connectMethods;
38}
39my @defaultMethods = @connectMethods;
40my $syslog_path = undef;
41my $transmit_ok = 0;
42my $current_proto = undef;
43my $failed = undef;
44my $fail_time = undef;
45our ($connected, @fallbackMethods, $syslog_send, $host);
46
47use Socket ':all';
48use POSIX qw(strftime setlocale LC_TIME);
49
50=head1 NAME
51
52Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
53
54=head1 VERSION
55
56Version 0.13
57
58=head1 SYNOPSIS
59
60    use Sys::Syslog;                          # all except setlogsock(), or:
61    use Sys::Syslog qw(:DEFAULT setlogsock);  # default set, plus setlogsock()
62    use Sys::Syslog qw(:standard :macros);    # standard functions, plus macros
63
64    setlogsock $sock_type;
65    openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility;       # don't forget this
66    syslog $priority, $format, @args;
67    $oldmask = setlogmask $mask_priority;
68    closelog;
69
70
71=head1 DESCRIPTION
72
73C<Sys::Syslog> is an interface to the UNIX C<syslog(3)> program.
74Call C<syslog()> with a string priority and a list of C<printf()> args
75just like C<syslog(3)>.
76
77
78=head1 EXPORTS
79
80C<Sys::Syslog> exports the following C<Exporter> tags:
81
82=over 4
83
84=item *
85
86C<:standard> exports the standard C<syslog(3)> functions:
87
88    openlog closelog setlogmask syslog
89
90=item *
91
92C<:extended> exports the Perl specific functions for C<syslog(3)>:
93
94    setlogsock
95
96=item *
97
98C<:macros> exports the symbols corresponding to most of your C<syslog(3)>
99macros. See L<"CONSTANTS"> for the supported constants and their meaning.
100
101=back
102
103By default, C<Sys::Syslog> exports the symbols from the C<:standard> tag.
104
105
106=head1 FUNCTIONS
107
108=over 4
109
110=item B<openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility)>
111
112Opens the syslog.
113C<$ident> is prepended to every message.  C<$logopt> contains zero or
114more of the words C<pid>, C<ndelay>, C<nowait>.  The C<cons> option is
115ignored, since the failover mechanism will drop down to the console
116automatically if all other media fail.  C<$facility> specifies the
117part of the system to report about, for example C<LOG_USER> or C<LOG_LOCAL0>:
118see your C<syslog(3)> documentation for the facilities available in
119your system. Facility can be given as a string or a numeric macro.
120
121This function will croak if it can't connect to the syslog daemon.
122
123Note that C<openlog()> now takes three arguments, just like C<openlog(3)>.
124
125B<You should use openlog() before calling syslog().>
126
127B<Options>
128
129=over 4
130
131=item *
132
133C<ndelay> - Open the connection immediately (normally, the connection is
134opened when the first message is logged).
135
136=item *
137
138C<nowait> - Don't wait for child processes that may have been created
139while logging the message.  (The GNU C library does not create a child
140process, so this option has no effect on Linux.)
141
142=item *
143
144C<pid> - Include PID with each message.
145
146=back
147
148B<Examples>
149
150Open the syslog with options C<ndelay> and C<pid>, and with facility C<LOCAL0>:
151
152    openlog($name, "ndelay,pid", "local0");
153
154Same thing, but this time using the macro corresponding to C<LOCAL0>:
155
156    openlog($name, "ndelay,pid", LOG_LOCAL0);
157
158
159=item B<syslog($priority, $message)>
160
161=item B<syslog($priority, $format, @args)>
162
163If C<$priority> permits, logs C<$message> or C<sprintf($format, @args)>
164with the addition that C<%m> in $message or C<$format> is replaced with
165C<"$!"> (the latest error message).
166
167C<$priority> can specify a level, or a level and a facility.  Levels and
168facilities can be given as strings or as macros.
169
170If you didn't use C<openlog()> before using C<syslog()>, C<syslog()> will
171try to guess the C<$ident> by extracting the shortest prefix of
172C<$format> that ends in a C<":">.
173
174B<Examples>
175
176    syslog("info", $message);           # informational level
177    syslog(LOG_INFO, $message);         # informational level
178
179    syslog("info|local0", $message);        # information level, Local0 facility
180    syslog(LOG_INFO|LOG_LOCAL0, $message);  # information level, Local0 facility
181
182=over 4
183
184=item B<Note>
185
186C<Sys::Syslog> version v0.07 and older passed the C<$message> as the
187formatting string to C<sprintf()> even when no formatting arguments
188were provided.  If the code calling C<syslog()> might execute with
189older versions of this module, make sure to call the function as
190C<syslog($priority, "%s", $message)> instead of C<syslog($priority,
191$message)>.  This protects against hostile formatting sequences that
192might show up if $message contains tainted data.
193
194=back
195
196
197=item B<setlogmask($mask_priority)>
198
199Sets the log mask for the current process to C<$mask_priority> and
200returns the old mask.  If the mask argument is 0, the current log mask
201is not modified.  See L<"Levels"> for the list of available levels.
202
203B<Examples>
204
205Only log errors:
206
207    setlogmask(LOG_ERR);
208
209Log critical messages, errors and warnings:
210
211    setlogmask(LOG_CRIT|LOG_ERR|LOG_WARNING);
212
213
214=item B<setlogsock($sock_type)>
215
216=item B<setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_location)> (added in 5.004_02)
217
218Sets the socket type to be used for the next call to
219C<openlog()> or C<syslog()> and returns true on success,
220C<undef> on failure.
221
222A value of C<"unix"> will connect to the UNIX domain socket (in some
223systems a character special device) returned by the C<_PATH_LOG> macro
224(if your system defines it), or F</dev/log> or F</dev/conslog>,
225whatever is writable.  A value of 'stream' will connect to the stream
226indicated by the pathname provided as the optional second parameter.
227(For example Solaris and IRIX require C<"stream"> instead of C<"unix">.)
228A value of C<"inet"> will connect to an INET socket (either C<tcp> or C<udp>,
229tried in that order) returned by C<getservbyname()>. C<"tcp"> and C<"udp"> can
230also be given as values. The value C<"console"> will send messages
231directly to the console, as for the C<"cons"> option in the logopts in
232C<openlog()>.
233
234A reference to an array can also be passed as the first parameter.
235When this calling method is used, the array should contain a list of
236sock_types which are attempted in order.
237
238The default is to try C<tcp>, C<udp>, C<unix>, C<stream>, C<console>.
239
240Giving an invalid value for C<$sock_type> will croak.
241
242
243=item B<closelog()>
244
245Closes the log file and return true on success.
246
247=back
248
249
250=head1 EXAMPLES
251
252    openlog($program, 'cons,pid', 'user');
253    syslog('info', '%s', 'this is another test');
254    syslog('mail|warning', 'this is a better test: %d', time);
255    closelog();
256
257    syslog('debug', 'this is the last test');
258
259    setlogsock('unix');
260    openlog("$program $$", 'ndelay', 'user');
261    syslog('notice', 'fooprogram: this is really done');
262
263    setlogsock('inet');
264    $! = 55;
265    syslog('info', 'problem was %m'); # %m == $! in syslog(3)
266
267    # Log to UDP port on $remotehost instead of logging locally
268    setlogsock('udp');
269    $Sys::Syslog::host = $remotehost;
270    openlog($program, 'ndelay', 'user');
271    syslog('info', 'something happened over here');
272
273
274=head1 CONSTANTS
275
276=head2 Facilities
277
278=over 4
279
280=item *
281
282C<LOG_AUTH> - security/authorization messages
283
284=item *
285
286C<LOG_AUTHPRIV> - security/authorization messages (private)
287
288=item *
289
290C<LOG_CRON> - clock daemon (B<cron> and B<at>)
291
292=item *
293
294C<LOG_DAEMON> - system daemons without separate facility value
295
296=item *
297
298C<LOG_FTP> - ftp daemon
299
300=item *
301
302C<LOG_KERN> - kernel messages
303
304=item *
305
306C<LOG_LOCAL0> through C<LOG_LOCAL7> - reserved for local use
307
308=item *
309
310C<LOG_LPR> - line printer subsystem
311
312=item *
313
314C<LOG_MAIL> - mail subsystem
315
316=item *
317
318C<LOG_NEWS> - USENET news subsystem
319
320=item *
321
322C<LOG_SYSLOG> - messages generated internally by B<syslogd>
323
324=item *
325
326C<LOG_USER> (default) - generic user-level messages
327
328=item *
329
330C<LOG_UUCP> - UUCP subsystem
331
332=back
333
334
335=head2 Levels
336
337=over 4
338
339=item *
340
341C<LOG_EMERG> - system is unusable
342
343=item *
344
345C<LOG_ALERT> - action must be taken immediately
346
347=item *
348
349C<LOG_CRIT> - critical conditions
350
351=item *
352
353C<LOG_ERR> - error conditions
354
355=item *
356
357C<LOG_WARNING> - warning conditions
358
359=item *
360
361C<LOG_NOTICE> - normal, but significant, condition
362
363=item *
364
365C<LOG_INFO> - informational message
366
367=item *
368
369C<LOG_DEBUG> - debug-level message
370
371=back
372
373
374=head1 DIAGNOSTICS
375
376=over 4
377
378=item Invalid argument passed to setlogsock
379
380B<(F)> You gave C<setlogsock()> an invalid value for C<$sock_type>.
381
382=item no connection to syslog available
383
384B<(F)> C<syslog()> failed to connect to the specified socket.
385
386=item stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable
387
388B<(W)> You asked C<setlogsock()> to use a stream socket, but the given
389path is not writable.
390
391=item stream passed to setlogsock, but could not find any device
392
393B<(W)> You asked C<setlogsock()> to use a stream socket, but didn't
394provide a path, and C<Sys::Syslog> was unable to find an appropriate one.
395
396=item tcp passed to setlogsock, but tcp service unavailable
397
398B<(W)> You asked C<setlogsock()> to use a TCP socket, but the service
399is not available on the system.
400
401=item syslog: expecting argument %s
402
403B<(F)> You forgot to give C<syslog()> the indicated argument.
404
405=item syslog: invalid level/facility: %s
406
407B<(F)> You specified an invalid level or facility, like C<LOG_KERN>
408(which is reserved to the kernel).
409
410=item syslog: too many levels given: %s
411
412B<(F)> You specified too many levels.
413
414=item syslog: too many facilities given: %s
415
416B<(F)> You specified too many facilities.
417
418=item syslog: level must be given
419
420B<(F)> You forgot to specify a level.
421
422=item udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service unavailable
423
424B<(W)> You asked C<setlogsock()> to use a UDP socket, but the service
425is not available on the system.
426
427=item unix passed to setlogsock, but path not available
428
429B<(W)> You asked C<setlogsock()> to use a UNIX socket, but C<Sys::Syslog>
430was unable to find an appropriate an appropriate device.
431
432=back
433
434
435=head1 SEE ALSO
436
437L<syslog(3)>
438
439I<Syslogging with Perl>, L<http://lexington.pm.org/meetings/022001.html>
440
441
442=head1 AUTHOR
443
444Tom Christiansen E<lt>F<tchrist@perl.com>E<gt> and Larry Wall
445E<lt>F<larry@wall.org>E<gt>.
446
447UNIX domain sockets added by Sean Robinson
448E<lt>F<robinson_s@sc.maricopa.edu>E<gt> with support from Tim Bunce
449E<lt>F<Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk>E<gt> and the C<perl5-porters> mailing list.
450
451Dependency on F<syslog.ph> replaced with XS code by Tom Hughes
452E<lt>F<tom@compton.nu>E<gt>.
453
454Code for C<constant()>s regenerated by Nicholas Clark E<lt>F<nick@ccl4.org>E<gt>.
455
456Failover to different communication modes by Nick Williams
457E<lt>F<Nick.Williams@morganstanley.com>E<gt>.
458
459Extracted from core distribution for publishing on the CPAN by
460SE<eacute>bastien Aperghis-Tramoni E<lt>sebastien@aperghis.netE<gt>.
461
462
463=head1 BUGS
464
465Please report any bugs or feature requests to
466C<bug-sys-syslog at rt.cpan.org>, or through the web interface at
467L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Sys-Syslog>.
468I will be notified, and then you'll automatically be notified of progress on
469your bug as I make changes.
470
471
472=head1 SUPPORT
473
474You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command.
475
476    perldoc Sys::Syslog
477
478You can also look for information at:
479
480=over 4
481
482=item * AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation
483
484L<http://annocpan.org/dist/Sys-Syslog>
485
486=item * CPAN Ratings
487
488L<http://cpanratings.perl.org/d/Sys-Syslog>
489
490=item * RT: CPAN's request tracker
491
492L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=Sys-Syslog>
493
494=item * Search CPAN
495
496L<http://search.cpan.org/dist/Sys-Syslog>
497
498=back
499
500
501=head1 LICENSE
502
503This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
504under the same terms as Perl itself.
505
506=cut
507
508sub AUTOLOAD {
509    # This AUTOLOAD is used to 'autoload' constants from the constant()
510    # XS function.
511    my $constname;
512    our $AUTOLOAD;
513    ($constname = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://;
514    croak "&Sys::Syslog::constant not defined" if $constname eq 'constant';
515    my ($error, $val) = constant($constname);
516	croak $error if $error;
517    no strict 'refs';
518    *$AUTOLOAD = sub { $val };
519    goto &$AUTOLOAD;
520}
521
522eval {
523    require XSLoader;
524    XSLoader::load('Sys::Syslog', $VERSION);
525    1
526} or do {
527    require DynaLoader;
528    push @ISA, 'DynaLoader';
529    bootstrap Sys::Syslog $VERSION;
530};
531
532our $maskpri = &LOG_UPTO(&LOG_DEBUG);
533
534sub openlog {
535    our ($ident, $logopt, $facility) = @_;  # package vars
536    our $lo_pid = $logopt =~ /\bpid\b/;
537    our $lo_ndelay = $logopt =~ /\bndelay\b/;
538    our $lo_nowait = $logopt =~ /\bnowait\b/;
539    return 1 unless $lo_ndelay;
540    &connect;
541}
542
543sub closelog {
544    our $facility = our $ident = '';
545    &disconnect;
546}
547
548sub setlogmask {
549    my $oldmask = $maskpri;
550    $maskpri = shift unless $_[0] == 0;
551    $oldmask;
552}
553
554sub setlogsock {
555    my $setsock = shift;
556    $syslog_path = shift;
557    &disconnect if $connected;
558    $transmit_ok = 0;
559    @fallbackMethods = ();
560    @connectMethods = @defaultMethods;
561    if (ref $setsock eq 'ARRAY') {
562	@connectMethods = @$setsock;
563    } elsif (lc($setsock) eq 'stream') {
564	unless (defined $syslog_path) {
565	    my @try = qw(/dev/log /dev/conslog);
566	    if (length &_PATH_LOG) { # Undefined _PATH_LOG is "".
567		unshift @try, &_PATH_LOG;
568            }
569	    for my $try (@try) {
570		if (-w $try) {
571		    $syslog_path = $try;
572		    last;
573		}
574	    }
575	    carp "stream passed to setlogsock, but could not find any device"
576		unless defined $syslog_path
577        }
578	unless (-w $syslog_path) {
579	    carp "stream passed to setlogsock, but $syslog_path is not writable";
580	    return undef;
581	} else {
582	    @connectMethods = ( 'stream' );
583	}
584    } elsif (lc($setsock) eq 'unix') {
585        if (length _PATH_LOG() && !defined $syslog_path) {
586	    $syslog_path = _PATH_LOG();
587	    @connectMethods = ( 'unix' );
588        } else {
589	    carp 'unix passed to setlogsock, but path not available';
590	    return undef;
591        }
592    } elsif (lc($setsock) eq 'tcp') {
593	if (getservbyname('syslog', 'tcp') || getservbyname('syslogng', 'tcp')) {
594	    @connectMethods = ( 'tcp' );
595	} else {
596	    carp "tcp passed to setlogsock, but tcp service unavailable";
597	    return undef;
598	}
599    } elsif (lc($setsock) eq 'udp') {
600	if (getservbyname('syslog', 'udp')) {
601	    @connectMethods = ( 'udp' );
602	} else {
603	    carp "udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service unavailable";
604	    return undef;
605	}
606    } elsif (lc($setsock) eq 'inet') {
607	@connectMethods = ( 'tcp', 'udp' );
608    } elsif (lc($setsock) eq 'console') {
609	@connectMethods = ( 'console' );
610    } else {
611        croak "Invalid argument passed to setlogsock; must be 'stream', 'unix', 'tcp', 'udp' or 'inet'"
612    }
613    return 1;
614}
615
616sub syslog {
617    my $priority = shift;
618    my $mask = shift;
619    my ($message, $whoami);
620    my (@words, $num, $numpri, $numfac, $sum);
621    our $facility;
622    local($facility) = $facility;	# may need to change temporarily.
623
624    croak "syslog: expecting argument \$priority" unless defined $priority;
625    croak "syslog: expecting argument \$format"   unless defined $mask;
626
627    @words = split(/\W+/, $priority, 2);# Allow "level" or "level|facility".
628    undef $numpri;
629    undef $numfac;
630    foreach (@words) {
631	$num = &xlate($_);		# Translate word to number.
632	if ($_ eq 'kern' || $num <= 0) {
633	    croak "syslog: invalid level/facility: $_"
634	}
635	elsif ($num <= &LOG_PRIMASK) {
636	    croak "syslog: too many levels given: $_" if defined($numpri);
637	    $numpri = $num;
638	    return 0 unless &LOG_MASK($numpri) & $maskpri;
639	}
640	else {
641	    croak "syslog: too many facilities given: $_" if defined($numfac);
642	    $facility = $_;
643	    $numfac = $num;
644	}
645    }
646
647    croak "syslog: level must be given" unless defined($numpri);
648
649    if (!defined($numfac)) {	# Facility not specified in this call.
650	$facility = 'user' unless $facility;
651	$numfac = &xlate($facility);
652    }
653
654    &connect unless $connected;
655
656    $whoami = our $ident;
657
658    if (!$whoami && $mask =~ /^(\S.*?):\s?(.*)/) {
659	$whoami = $1;
660	$mask = $2;
661    }
662
663    unless ($whoami) {
664	($whoami = getlogin) ||
665	    ($whoami = getpwuid($<)) ||
666		($whoami = 'syslog');
667    }
668
669    $whoami .= "[$$]" if our $lo_pid;
670
671    if ($mask =~ /%m/) {
672	my $err = $!;
673	# escape percent signs if sprintf will be called
674	$err =~ s/%/%%/g if @_;
675	# replace %m with $err, if preceded by an even number of percent signs
676	$mask =~ s/(?<!%)((?:%%)*)%m/$1$err/g;
677    }
678
679    $mask .= "\n" unless $mask =~ /\n$/;
680    $message = @_ ? sprintf($mask, @_) : $mask;
681
682    $sum = $numpri + $numfac;
683    my $oldlocale = setlocale(LC_TIME);
684    setlocale(LC_TIME, 'C');
685    my $timestamp = strftime "%b %e %T", localtime;
686    setlocale(LC_TIME, $oldlocale);
687    my $buf = "<$sum>$timestamp $whoami: $message\0";
688
689    # it's possible that we'll get an error from sending
690    # (e.g. if method is UDP and there is no UDP listener,
691    # then we'll get ECONNREFUSED on the send). So what we
692    # want to do at this point is to fallback onto a different
693    # connection method.
694    while (scalar @fallbackMethods || $syslog_send) {
695	if ($failed && (time - $fail_time) > 60) {
696	    # it's been a while... maybe things have been fixed
697	    @fallbackMethods = ();
698	    disconnect();
699	    $transmit_ok = 0; # make it look like a fresh attempt
700	    &connect;
701        }
702	if ($connected && !connection_ok()) {
703	    # Something was OK, but has now broken. Remember coz we'll
704	    # want to go back to what used to be OK.
705	    $failed = $current_proto unless $failed;
706	    $fail_time = time;
707	    disconnect();
708	}
709	&connect unless $connected;
710	$failed = undef if ($current_proto && $failed && $current_proto eq $failed);
711	if ($syslog_send) {
712	    if (&{$syslog_send}($buf)) {
713		$transmit_ok++;
714		return 1;
715	    }
716	    # typically doesn't happen, since errors are rare from write().
717	    disconnect();
718	}
719    }
720    # could not send, could not fallback onto a working
721    # connection method. Lose.
722    return 0;
723}
724
725sub _syslog_send_console {
726    my ($buf) = @_;
727    chop($buf); # delete the NUL from the end
728    # The console print is a method which could block
729    # so we do it in a child process and always return success
730    # to the caller.
731    if (my $pid = fork) {
732	our $lo_nowait;
733	if ($lo_nowait) {
734	    return 1;
735	} else {
736	    if (waitpid($pid, 0) >= 0) {
737	    	return ($? >> 8);
738	    } else {
739		# it's possible that the caller has other
740		# plans for SIGCHLD, so let's not interfere
741		return 1;
742	    }
743	}
744    } else {
745        if (open(CONS, ">/dev/console")) {
746	    my $ret = print CONS $buf . "\r";
747	    exit ($ret) if defined $pid;
748	    close CONS;
749	}
750	exit if defined $pid;
751    }
752}
753
754sub _syslog_send_stream {
755    my ($buf) = @_;
756    # XXX: this only works if the OS stream implementation makes a write
757    # look like a putmsg() with simple header. For instance it works on
758    # Solaris 8 but not Solaris 7.
759    # To be correct, it should use a STREAMS API, but perl doesn't have one.
760    return syswrite(SYSLOG, $buf, length($buf));
761}
762
763sub _syslog_send_socket {
764    my ($buf) = @_;
765    return syswrite(SYSLOG, $buf, length($buf));
766    #return send(SYSLOG, $buf, 0);
767}
768
769sub xlate {
770    my($name) = @_;
771    return $name+0 if $name =~ /^\s*\d+\s*$/;
772    $name = uc $name;
773    $name = "LOG_$name" unless $name =~ /^LOG_/;
774    $name = "Sys::Syslog::$name";
775    # Can't have just eval { &$name } || -1 because some LOG_XXX may be zero.
776    my $value = eval { no strict 'refs'; &$name };
777    defined $value ? $value : -1;
778}
779
780sub connect {
781    @fallbackMethods = @connectMethods unless (scalar @fallbackMethods);
782    if ($transmit_ok && $current_proto) {
783	# Retry what we were on, because it's worked in the past.
784	unshift(@fallbackMethods, $current_proto);
785    }
786    $connected = 0;
787    my @errs = ();
788    my $proto = undef;
789    while ($proto = shift(@fallbackMethods)) {
790	no strict 'refs';
791	my $fn = "connect_$proto";
792	$connected = &$fn(\@errs) if defined &$fn;
793	last if ($connected);
794    }
795
796    $transmit_ok = 0;
797    if ($connected) {
798	$current_proto = $proto;
799        my($old) = select(SYSLOG); $| = 1; select($old);
800    } else {
801	@fallbackMethods = ();
802	croak join "\n\t- ", "no connection to syslog available", @errs
803    }
804}
805
806sub connect_tcp {
807    my ($errs) = @_;
808    my $tcp = getprotobyname('tcp');
809    if (!defined $tcp) {
810	push(@{$errs}, "getprotobyname failed for tcp");
811	return 0;
812    }
813    my $syslog = getservbyname('syslog','tcp');
814    $syslog = getservbyname('syslogng','tcp') unless (defined $syslog);
815    if (!defined $syslog) {
816	push(@{$errs}, "getservbyname failed for syslog/tcp and syslogng/tcp");
817	return 0;
818    }
819
820    my $this = sockaddr_in($syslog, INADDR_ANY);
821    my $that;
822    if (defined $host) {
823	$that = inet_aton($host);
824	if (!$that) {
825	    push(@{$errs}, "can't lookup $host");
826	    return 0;
827	}
828    } else {
829	$that = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
830    }
831    $that = sockaddr_in($syslog, $that);
832
833    if (!socket(SYSLOG,AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,$tcp)) {
834	push(@{$errs}, "tcp socket: $!");
835	return 0;
836    }
837    setsockopt(SYSLOG, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, 1);
838    setsockopt(SYSLOG, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, 1);
839    if (!CORE::connect(SYSLOG,$that)) {
840	push(@{$errs}, "tcp connect: $!");
841	return 0;
842    }
843    $syslog_send = \&_syslog_send_socket;
844    return 1;
845}
846
847sub connect_udp {
848    my ($errs) = @_;
849    my $udp = getprotobyname('udp');
850    if (!defined $udp) {
851	push(@{$errs}, "getprotobyname failed for udp");
852	return 0;
853    }
854    my $syslog = getservbyname('syslog','udp');
855    if (!defined $syslog) {
856	push(@{$errs}, "getservbyname failed for syslog/udp");
857	return 0;
858    }
859    my $this = sockaddr_in($syslog, INADDR_ANY);
860    my $that;
861    if (defined $host) {
862	$that = inet_aton($host);
863	if (!$that) {
864	    push(@{$errs}, "can't lookup $host");
865	    return 0;
866	}
867    } else {
868	$that = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
869    }
870    $that = sockaddr_in($syslog, $that);
871
872    if (!socket(SYSLOG,AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,$udp)) {
873	push(@{$errs}, "udp socket: $!");
874	return 0;
875    }
876    if (!CORE::connect(SYSLOG,$that)) {
877	push(@{$errs}, "udp connect: $!");
878	return 0;
879    }
880    # We want to check that the UDP connect worked. However the only
881    # way to do that is to send a message and see if an ICMP is returned
882    _syslog_send_socket("");
883    if (!connection_ok()) {
884	push(@{$errs}, "udp connect: nobody listening");
885	return 0;
886    }
887    $syslog_send = \&_syslog_send_socket;
888    return 1;
889}
890
891sub connect_stream {
892    my ($errs) = @_;
893    # might want syslog_path to be variable based on syslog.h (if only
894    # it were in there!)
895    $syslog_path = '/dev/conslog';
896    if (!-w $syslog_path) {
897	push(@{$errs}, "stream $syslog_path is not writable");
898	return 0;
899    }
900    if (!open(SYSLOG, ">" . $syslog_path)) {
901	push(@{$errs}, "stream can't open $syslog_path: $!");
902	return 0;
903    }
904    $syslog_send = \&_syslog_send_stream;
905    return 1;
906}
907
908sub connect_unix {
909    my ($errs) = @_;
910    if (length _PATH_LOG()) {
911	$syslog_path = _PATH_LOG();
912    } else {
913        push(@{$errs}, "_PATH_LOG not available in syslog.h");
914	return 0;
915    }
916    if (! -S $syslog_path) {
917	push(@{$errs}, "$syslog_path is not a socket");
918	return 0;
919    }
920    my $that = sockaddr_un($syslog_path);
921    if (!$that) {
922	push(@{$errs}, "can't locate $syslog_path");
923	return 0;
924    }
925    if (!socket(SYSLOG,AF_UNIX,SOCK_STREAM,0)) {
926	push(@{$errs}, "unix stream socket: $!");
927	return 0;
928    }
929    if (!CORE::connect(SYSLOG,$that)) {
930        if (!socket(SYSLOG,AF_UNIX,SOCK_DGRAM,0)) {
931	    push(@{$errs}, "unix dgram socket: $!");
932	    return 0;
933	}
934        if (!CORE::connect(SYSLOG,$that)) {
935	    push(@{$errs}, "unix dgram connect: $!");
936	    return 0;
937	}
938    }
939    $syslog_send = \&_syslog_send_socket;
940    return 1;
941}
942
943sub connect_console {
944    my ($errs) = @_;
945    if (!-w '/dev/console') {
946	push(@{$errs}, "console is not writable");
947	return 0;
948    }
949    $syslog_send = \&_syslog_send_console;
950    return 1;
951}
952
953# to test if the connection is still good, we need to check if any
954# errors are present on the connection. The errors will not be raised
955# by a write. Instead, sockets are made readable and the next read
956# would cause the error to be returned. Unfortunately the syslog
957# 'protocol' never provides anything for us to read. But with
958# judicious use of select(), we can see if it would be readable...
959sub connection_ok {
960    return 1 if (defined $current_proto && $current_proto eq 'console');
961    my $rin = '';
962    vec($rin, fileno(SYSLOG), 1) = 1;
963    my $ret = select $rin, undef, $rin, 0;
964    return ($ret ? 0 : 1);
965}
966
967sub disconnect {
968    $connected = 0;
969    $syslog_send = undef;
970    return close SYSLOG;
971}
972
9731;
974