1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7)----|----------------------* 19 \ | | 20 \ 1BSD | 21 32V | | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* | 23 \ / | | 24 \ / | | 25 \/ | | 26 3BSD | | 27 | | | 28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD | 29 | | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD <-* 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | / | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' *--NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / | | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' | | \ | 72 | / | | | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | | | \ | 74 | / *--NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.1 -. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 114 | | | | | | | | 115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | | 117 | | | | | | | 118FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | | | | | | | | | 125 | | | | | | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 130FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 131 | | | | | | | | | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 134 | | | | | | | | | 135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | | | | | 137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | | | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 140 | | | | / | | | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 143 | | | | | | 144 | | | | | | 145 | | 10.0 *--NetBSD 1.5 | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 149 | | | | | | | 150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 151 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 158 | | 10.2 | | | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 160 | | | *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 164 | | \ | | | | | 165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 168 | | | | | | | 169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 170 | | | | | v | 171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 176 | | | | \ 177FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 178 | | | | | 179FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 180 | \ | | | | 181 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 182 | 10.3 | | | 183FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 184 | | | | | | 185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 186 | | | | | 187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 189 | | | *--NetBSD 2.0 | | 190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 192 | | 10.4 | | | | | 193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | | 194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 196 | | | | | | | | 197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 198 | 6.0 | | | | | | 199 | | | | | \ | | 200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 201 | | | | | | | 202 | | | | *--NetBSD 3.0 | | 203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 206 | 6.1 | | | | | | | 207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | | 208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0 209 | | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 | 211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | | 212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | | 213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | | 214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0 215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 | 216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0 217 | | Mac OS X | | | 218 | | 10.5 | | | 219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 | 220 | | | *--NetBSD 4.0 | | 221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | | 222 | \ | | | | | 223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0 224 | 7.0 | | | | | | 225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 | 226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0 227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 | 228 | | 6.4 | | | | 229 | | | | | | 230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | | 231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0 232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | *--NetBSD OpenBSD 4.5 | 233 | \ | | 5.0 | | 234 | \ | | / | \ | | 235 | | Mac OS X | | | \ | | 236 | | 10.6 | | | \ | | 237 | | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0 238 | | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 | 239 | | | | | | | | | 240 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | | 241 | 8.0 | | | | | | | | 242 | | FreeBSD | | | | NetBSD | | 243 | | 7.3 | | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0 244 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 | 245 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 246 | 8.1 | | | | | | | 247 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2 248 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 | 249 | | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 250 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | | 251 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1 252 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 | 253 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | | 254 | \ 10.7 | | | | | 255 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 | 256 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 257 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1 258 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | | 259 | | 8.3 | | | | | | 260 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 261 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | | 262 | | | | | | | | | 263 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 264 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | | 265 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 | 266 | | | Mac OS X | `--------. | | 267 | | | 10.8 | | | | 268 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 269 | | | | | 6.0 | | | 270 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1 271 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | | 272 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | | 273 | | | | | | | | | | 274 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 275 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | | 276 | | | | | | | | | | 277 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 278 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | | 279 | | | | | | | | | 280 | | | | | | \ | | 281 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 282 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | | 283 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1 284 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 285 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | | 286 | | | | | | | | | 287 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 288 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | | 289 | | | | | | | | | 290 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 291 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | | 292 | | | | | | | | | 293 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 294 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | | 295 | | | | | | | | | 296 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 297 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | | 298 | | | | | | | | 299 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 300 | | | | | 6.1 | | 301 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 302 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD | | 303 | | | | | 6.1.1 | | 304 | | | | | | | 305 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | 306 | 9.2 | | 6.1.2 | | 307 | | Mac OS X | | | | 308 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 | 309 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0 310 | \ | | | | | 311 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | | 312 | 10.0 | | | 6.1.3 | | 313 | | | | | | | | 314 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1 315 | | | | | | | | 316 | | | | | | | | 317 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2 318 | | | | | NetBSD | | 319 | | | | | 6.1.4 | | 320 | | | | | | | | 321 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 | 322 | | | | | | | | 323 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0 324 | | | | | | | | 325 | | | | | | | | 326 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1 327 | | | | | | | | 328 | | | | | | | | 329 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3 330 | | | | | | | | 331 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 332 | | 9.3 | | | | | 333 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.8.2 334 | | | | 6.1.5 | | 335 | | Mac OS X | | | 336 | | 10.10 | | | 337 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 | 338 | FreeBSD | | | | 339 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1 340 | | | | | | 341 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2 342 | | | | | | 343 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3 344 | | | | | | 345 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4 346 | | | | | | 347 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5 348 | | | | | | 349 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 | 350 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0 351 | FreeBSD | | | | 352 | 10.2 | | | | 353 | | macOS *--NetBSD 7.0 | | 354 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 | 355 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1 356 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 | 357 | 10.3 | | | | | | 358 | | | | | NetBSD | | 359 | | | | | 7.0.1 | | 360 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0 361 | | | | | | | | 362 | | | | | | | | 363 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 | 364 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD | | 365 | | | | | | 7.0.2 | | 366 | | | | | | | | 367 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 368 | | | | | | 7.1 | | 369 | | | | | | | | | 370 | | | | | | | | | 371 | | | macOS | | | | DragonFly 4.8.0 372 | | | 10.13 | | | OpenBSD 6.1 | 373 | FreeBSD | | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0 374 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | | 375 | | 10.4 | | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1 376 | | | | | | | | 377 | `------. | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 5.0.2 378 | | | | | 7.1.1 | | 379 | | | | | | | | 380 | | | | | NetBSD | | 381 | | | | | 7.1.2 `--. | 382 | | | | | | | 383 | | | | `-----. OpenBSD 6.3 | 384 | | | *--NetBSD | | DragonFly 5.2.0 385 | | | | 8.0 | | | 386 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1 387 | | | | | | | | 388 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2 389 | FreeBSD | | | *--NetBSD | | 390 | 11.2 | | | 7.2 | | 391 | | macOS | | | | 392 | | 10.14 | | OpenBSD 6.4 | 393 | | | | | | | 394 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.0 395 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | 396 | 12.0 | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.1 397 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.5 | 398 | | | | | | | | 399 | | | | | NetBSD | | 400 | | | | | 8.1 | DragonFly 5.6 401 | | | | | | | | 402 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.1 403 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | | 404 | | 11.3 10.15 | | | | 405 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 6.6 | 406 | 12.1 | macOS | `-------. | | 407 | | | 10.15.1 | | | DragonFly 5.6.2 408 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 409 | | | | | 9.0 | | | 410 | | | | | | | | | 411 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8 412 | | | | | | | | | 413 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.3 414 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 415 | | | | | | 8.2 | | 416 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.1 417 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.7 | 418 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 419 | | 11.4 | | | | | | 420 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.2 421 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.3 422 | | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.8 | 423 | FreeBSD macOS | 9.1 | | | 424 | 12.2 11 | | | | | 425 | | | | | | | | 426 | `------. | | | | | | 427 | | | | | | | | 428 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 429 | 13.0 | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.9 DragonFly 6.0.0 430 | | | | | 9.2 | | | 431 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.0.1 432 | | | | | | | | | 433 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | OpenBSD 7.0 | 434 | | 12.3 12 | | | | | 435 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.1 436 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.1 | 437 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 438 | 13.1 | | | | | | | 439 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.2 440 | | | | | NetBSD | | | 441 | | | macOS | 9.3 | OpenBSD 7.2 | 442 | | | 13 | | | | | 443 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 444 | | 12.4 | | | | | | 445 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.4.0 446 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.3 | 447 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 448 | 13.2 | | | | | | 449 | | | | | | | | 450 | `------. | | | | | | 451 | | macOS | | | | | 452 | | 14 | | | | | 453 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.4 | 454 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 455 | 14.0 | | | | | | | 456 | | | | | | | | | 457 | | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | | 458 | | 13.3 | | 9.4 | | | 459 | | | | | | | | 460 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 461 | | | | | 10.0 | | | 462 | | | | | | | | | 463 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.5 | 464 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 465 | | | | | | 8.3 | | 466 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 467 | 14.1 | | | | | | 468 | | | macOS | | | | 469 | | | 15 | | | | 470 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 471 | | 13.4 | | | OpenBSD 7.6 | 472 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 473 | 14.2 | | | | | | 474 | | | | NetBSD | | 475 | | | | 10.1 | | 476 | FreeBSD | | | | 477 | 13.5 | | | | 478 | | | OpenBSD 7.7 | 479 | | | | | 480FreeBSD 15 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current 481 | | | | | 482 v v v v v 483 484Time 485---------------- 486 487Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 488was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 489 490[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 491 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 492 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 493[APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/] 494[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 495[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 496[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 497[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 498[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 499 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 500[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 501 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 502[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. Changes in the 503 Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, 504 July, 1983. 505[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 506[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 507[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. ISBN 0201547775, EAN 508 9780201547771 509[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 510[TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ 511[USE] Usenet announcement. 512[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 513[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 514 515Multics 1965 516UNIX Summer 1969 517 DEC PDP-7 518First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 519 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 520Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 521 10 UNIX installations 522Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 523 Pipes, 16 installations 524Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 525 rewriting in C effected, 526 above 30 installations 527Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 528 above 50 installations 529Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 530 port to DEC Vax 531Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS] 532 first portable UNIX 533Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 534 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 535 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 536 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 537 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 538 and networking part by the streams mechanism 539 540Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 541Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 542 5431BSD late 1977 544 1978-01-16 [DOC] 545 1978-03-09 [QCU] 546 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 547 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 548 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 5492BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS] 550 75 2BSD tapes shipped 5512.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS] 5522.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 553 First 2BSD with bootable V7 kernel plus 554 community fixes. 5552.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 556 set of performance improvements 5572.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 5582.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS] 5592.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 5602.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 5612.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 5622.11BSD 1991-03-14 [SMS] 5632.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 564 56532V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS] 5663BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS] 567 virtual memory, page replacement, 568 demand paging 5694.0BSD 1980-10-xx 5704.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 5714.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 572 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 5734.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 5744.1cBSD late 1982 575 beta release, IPC [44B] 5764.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 577 1983-08-03 [DOC] 5784.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 579 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 5804.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 5814.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 582 1989-01-01 [DOC] 5834.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 5844.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 585 586BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 587 first code released to people outside BSDI 588386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 589BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 590BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 591386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 5924.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 593BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 594 first external gamma; G customers 595BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 596 would have been 1.0 except for request 597 for preliminary injunction 598BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 599 injunction denied; first official release 600NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 6014.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 602NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 603FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 604FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD] 605 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release. 606BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 6074.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 608FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 609FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 610FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 611 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 612NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 613386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 614FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 615BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 616FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 617BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 6184.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 619 the true final distribution from the CSRG 620FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 621NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 622BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 623FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 624NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 625OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 626FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 627FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 628Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 629FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 630BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 631FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 632FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 633FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 634NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 635OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 636FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 637OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 638NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 639FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 640NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 641BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 642OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 643NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 644FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 645BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 646 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 647FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 648 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 649 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 650 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 651FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 652OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 653NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 654FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 655BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 656NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 657FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 658OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 659NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 660FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 661OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 662FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 663BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 664FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 665NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 666OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 667FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 668FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 669FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 670FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 671FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 672NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 673BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 674OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 675NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 676Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 677FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 678OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 679NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 680NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 681FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 682Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 683OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 684FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 685BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 686OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 687FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 688NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 689FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 690Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 691NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 692FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 693OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 694FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 695 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 696 -current, similar to 3.0. 697FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 698NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 699OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 700BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 701FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 702Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 703FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 704BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 705OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 706FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 707FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 708NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 709OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 710FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 711DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 712OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 713FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 714NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 715FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 716DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 717NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 718Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 719FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 720OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 721NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 722OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 723FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 724NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 725NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 726DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 727FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD] 728OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 729FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD] 730FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD] 731NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release) 732DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB] 733OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD] 734NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release) 735NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD] 736FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD] 737DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB] 738OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD] 739DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB] 740Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL] 741OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD] 742NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD] 743FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD] 744DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB] 745FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD] 746OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD] 747DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB] 748OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD] 749FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD] 750FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD] 751DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB] 752NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD] 753OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD] 754FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD] 755Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL] 756NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 757DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB] 758OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD] 759FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD] 760NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release) 761FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD] 762DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB] 763OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD] 764FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD] 765DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB] 766OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD] 767NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD] 768FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD] 769FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD] 770DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB] 771OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD] 772Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL] 773OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD] 774FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD] 775NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 776DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB] 777FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD] 778OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD] 779Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL] 780NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD] 781OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD] 782DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB] 783NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD] 784NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release) 785FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD] 786DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB] 787OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD] 788NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release) 789NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD] 790FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD] 791NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD] 792NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD] 793NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD] 794FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD] 795NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD] 796NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD] 797Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL] 798OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD] 799DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB] 800FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD] 801NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 802NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD] 803NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 804NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD] 805DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB] 806DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB] 807NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD] 808NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD] 809OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD] 810DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB] 811DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB] 812DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB] 813FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD] 814DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB] 815NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD] 816NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD] 817Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL] 818OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD] 819FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD] 820DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB] 821DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB] 822DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB] 823DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB] 824DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB] 825OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD] 826DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB] 827FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD] 828NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD] 829OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL] 830OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD] 831DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB] 832OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD] 833FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD] 834NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD] 835DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB] 836OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD] 837macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL] 838FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD] 839NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD] 840NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD] 841DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB] 842OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD] 843FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD] 844macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL] 845FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD] 846OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD] 847DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB] 848DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB] 849DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB] 850NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD] 851NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD] 852OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD] 853DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB] 854DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB] 855DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB] 856FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD] 857NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD] 858NetBSD 7.2 2018-08-29 [NBD] 859macOS 10.14 2018-09-24 [APL] 860OpenBSD 6.4 2018-10-18 [OBD] 861DragonFly 5.4.0 2018-12-03 [DFB] 862FreeBSD 12.0 2018-12-11 [FBD] 863DragonFly 5.4.1 2018-12-24 [DFB] 864OpenBSD 6.5 2019-05-01 [OBD] 865NetBSD 8.1 2019-06-04 [NBD] 866DragonFly 5.6 2019-06-17 [DFB] 867DragonFly 5.6.1 2019-06-19 [DFB] 868FreeBSD 11.3 2019-07-09 [FBD] 869DragonFly 5.6.2 2019-08-11 [DFB] 870OpenBSD 6.6 2019-10-17 [OBD] 871macOS 10.15 2019-10-07 [APL] 872macOS 10.15.1 2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release) 873FreeBSD 12.1 2019-11-04 [FBD] 874NetBSD 9.0 2020-02-14 [NBD] 875DragonFly 5.8 2020-03-03 [DFB] 876DragonFly 5.6.3 2020-03-11 [DFB] 877NetBSD 8.2 2020-03-31 [NBD] 878DragonFly 5.8.1 2020-05-06 [DFB] 879OpenBSD 6.7 2020-05-19 [OBD] 880FreeBSD 11.4 2020-06-16 [FBD] 881DragonFly 5.8.2 2020-09-23 [DFB] 882DragonFly 5.8.3 2020-09-24 [DFB] 883OpenBSD 6.8 2020-10-18 [OBD] 884NetBSD 9.1 2020-10-18 [NBD] 885FreeBSD 12.2 2020-10-27 [FBD] 886macOS 11 2020-11-12 [APL] 887FreeBSD 13.0 2021-04-13 [FBD] 888OpenBSD 6.9 2021-05-01 [OBD] 889DragonFly 6.0 2021-05-08 [DFB] 890NetBSD 9.2 2021-05-12 [NBD] 891DragonFly 6.0.1 2021-10-12 [DFB] 892OpenBSD 7.0 2021-10-14 [OBD] 893macOS 12 2021-10-25 [APL] 894FreeBSD 12.3 2021-12-01 [FBD] 895DragonFly 6.2.1 2022-01-09 [DFB] 896OpenBSD 7.1 2022-04-21 [OBD] 897FreeBSD 13.1 2022-05-17 [FBD] 898DragonFly 6.2.2 2022-06-09 [DFB] 899NetBSD 9.3 2022-08-04 [NBD] 900OpenBSD 7.2 2022-10-20 [OBD] 901macOS 13 2022-10-24 [APL] 902FreeBSD 12.4 2022-12-05 [FBD] 903DragonFly 6.4 2022-12-30 [DFB] 904OpenBSD 7.3 2023-04-10 [OBD] 905FreeBSD 13.2 2023-04-11 [FBD] 906macOS 14 2023-09-26 [APL] 907OpenBSD 7.4 2023-10-16 [OBD] 908FreeBSD 14.0 2023-11-20 [FBD] 909FreeBSD 13.3 2024-03-05 [FBD] 910NetBSD 10.0 2024-03-28 [NBD] 911OpenBSD 7.5 2024-04-05 [OBD] 912NetBSD 9.4 2024-04-20 [NBD] 913NetBSD 8.3 2024-05-04 [NBD] 914FreeBSD 14.1 2024-06-04 [FBD] 915macOS 15 2024-09-16 [APL] 916FreeBSD 13.4 2024-09-17 [FBD] 917OpenBSD 7.6 2024-10-08 [OBD] 918FreeBSD 14.2 2024-12-03 [FBD] 919NetBSD 10.1 2024-12-16 [NBD] 920FreeBSD 13.5 2025-03-11 [FBD] 921OpenBSD 7.7 2025-04-28 [OBD] 922 923Bibliography 924------------------------ 925 926Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 927Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 928System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 929 930Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 931Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 932 933McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 934Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 935System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 936 937McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 938Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 939Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 940 941McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The 942Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition. 943Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2 944 945Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 946 947Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 948Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 949Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 950 951Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 952URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20081230094857/http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 953 954Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 955Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 956 957BSD Release Announcements collection. 958URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ 959 960Manual pages for FreeBSD and ports 961URL: https://man.FreeBSD.org 962 963FreeBSD Documentation Archive 964URL: https://docs-archive.freebsd.org/doc/ 965 966UNIX history graphing project 967URL: https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ 968 969UNIX history 970URL: https://www.levenez.com/unix/ 971 972James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 973URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20090427195917/http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 974("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 975 976 977Acknowledgments 978--------------- 979 980Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 981original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 982 983Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 984 985-- 986Copyright (c) 1997-2024 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org> 987URL: https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 988