1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Michael Smith <msmith@freebsd.org>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: stable/10/sys/boot/pc98/libpc98/biosdisk.c 294480 2016-01-21 01:25:28Z jhb $");
29 
30 /*
31  * BIOS disk device handling.
32  *
33  * Ideas and algorithms from:
34  *
35  * - NetBSD libi386/biosdisk.c
36  * - FreeBSD biosboot/disk.c
37  *
38  */
39 
40 #include <stand.h>
41 
42 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
43 #include <sys/diskpc98.h>
44 #include <machine/bootinfo.h>
45 
46 #include <stdarg.h>
47 
48 #include <bootstrap.h>
49 #include <btxv86.h>
50 #include "libi386.h"
51 
52 #define BIOS_NUMDRIVES		0x475
53 #define BIOSDISK_SECSIZE	512
54 #define BUFSIZE			(1 * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE)
55 
56 #define DT_ATAPI		0x10		/* disk type for ATAPI floppies */
57 #define WDMAJOR			0		/* major numbers for devices we frontend for */
58 #define WFDMAJOR		1
59 #define FDMAJOR			2
60 #define DAMAJOR			4
61 
62 #ifdef DISK_DEBUG
63 # define DEBUG(fmt, args...)	printf("%s: " fmt "\n" , __func__ , ## args)
64 #else
65 # define DEBUG(fmt, args...)
66 #endif
67 
68 struct open_disk {
69     int			od_dkunit;		/* disk unit number */
70     int			od_unit;		/* BIOS unit number */
71     int			od_cyl;			/* BIOS geometry */
72     int			od_hds;
73     int			od_sec;
74     int			od_boff;		/* block offset from beginning of BIOS disk */
75     int			od_flags;
76 #define BD_MODEINT13		0x0000
77 #define BD_MODEEDD1		0x0001
78 #define BD_MODEEDD3		0x0002
79 #define BD_MODEMASK		0x0003
80 #define BD_FLOPPY		0x0004
81 #define BD_LABELOK		0x0008
82 #define BD_PARTTABOK		0x0010
83 #define BD_OPTICAL		0x0020
84     struct disklabel		od_disklabel;
85     int				od_nslices;	/* slice count */
86     struct pc98_partition	od_slicetab[PC98_NPARTS];
87 };
88 
89 /*
90  * List of BIOS devices, translation from disk unit number to
91  * BIOS unit number.
92  */
93 static struct bdinfo
94 {
95     int		bd_unit;		/* BIOS unit number */
96     int		bd_flags;
97     int		bd_type;		/* BIOS 'drive type' (floppy only) */
98     int		bd_da_unit;		/* kernel unit number for da */
99 } bdinfo [MAXBDDEV];
100 static int nbdinfo = 0;
101 
102 static int	bd_getgeom(struct open_disk *od);
103 static int	bd_read(struct open_disk *od, daddr_t dblk, int blks,
104 		    caddr_t dest);
105 static int	bd_write(struct open_disk *od, daddr_t dblk, int blks,
106 		    caddr_t dest);
107 
108 static int	bd_int13probe(struct bdinfo *bd);
109 
110 static void	bd_printslice(struct open_disk *od, struct pc98_partition *dp,
111 		    char *prefix, int verbose);
112 static void	bd_printbsdslice(struct open_disk *od, daddr_t offset,
113 		    char *prefix, int verbose);
114 
115 static int	bd_init(void);
116 static int	bd_strategy(void *devdata, int flag, daddr_t dblk,
117 		    size_t size, char *buf, size_t *rsize);
118 static int	bd_realstrategy(void *devdata, int flag, daddr_t dblk,
119 		    size_t size, char *buf, size_t *rsize);
120 static int	bd_open(struct open_file *f, ...);
121 static int	bd_close(struct open_file *f);
122 static void	bd_print(int verbose);
123 
124 struct devsw biosdisk = {
125     "disk",
126     DEVT_DISK,
127     bd_init,
128     bd_strategy,
129     bd_open,
130     bd_close,
131     noioctl,
132     bd_print,
133     NULL
134 };
135 
136 static int	bd_opendisk(struct open_disk **odp, struct i386_devdesc *dev);
137 static void	bd_closedisk(struct open_disk *od);
138 static int	bd_open_pc98(struct open_disk *od, struct i386_devdesc *dev);
139 static int	bd_bestslice(struct open_disk *od);
140 static void	bd_checkextended(struct open_disk *od, int slicenum);
141 
142 /*
143  * Translate between BIOS device numbers and our private unit numbers.
144  */
145 int
bd_bios2unit(int biosdev)146 bd_bios2unit(int biosdev)
147 {
148     int		i;
149 
150     DEBUG("looking for bios device 0x%x", biosdev);
151     for (i = 0; i < nbdinfo; i++) {
152 	DEBUG("bd unit %d is BIOS device 0x%x", i, bdinfo[i].bd_unit);
153 	if (bdinfo[i].bd_unit == biosdev)
154 	    return(i);
155     }
156     return(-1);
157 }
158 
159 int
bd_unit2bios(int unit)160 bd_unit2bios(int unit)
161 {
162     if ((unit >= 0) && (unit < nbdinfo))
163 	return(bdinfo[unit].bd_unit);
164     return(-1);
165 }
166 
167 /*
168  * Quiz the BIOS for disk devices, save a little info about them.
169  */
170 static int
bd_init(void)171 bd_init(void)
172 {
173     int		base, unit;
174     int		da_drive=0, n=-0x10;
175 
176     /* sequence 0x90, 0x80, 0xa0 */
177     for (base = 0x90; base <= 0xa0; base += n, n += 0x30) {
178 	for (unit = base; (nbdinfo < MAXBDDEV) || ((unit & 0x0f) < 4); unit++) {
179 	    bdinfo[nbdinfo].bd_unit = unit;
180 	    bdinfo[nbdinfo].bd_flags = (unit & 0xf0) == 0x90 ? BD_FLOPPY : 0;
181 
182 	    if (!bd_int13probe(&bdinfo[nbdinfo])){
183 		if (((unit & 0xf0) == 0x90 && (unit & 0x0f) < 4) ||
184 		    ((unit & 0xf0) == 0xa0 && (unit & 0x0f) < 6))
185 		    continue;	/* Target IDs are not contiguous. */
186 		else
187 		    break;
188 	    }
189 
190 	    if (bdinfo[nbdinfo].bd_flags & BD_FLOPPY){
191 		/* available 1.44MB access? */
192 		if (*(u_char *)PTOV(0xA15AE) & (1<<(unit & 0xf))) {
193 		    /* boot media 1.2MB FD? */
194 		    if ((*(u_char *)PTOV(0xA1584) & 0xf0) != 0x90)
195 		        bdinfo[nbdinfo].bd_unit = 0x30 + (unit & 0xf);
196 		}
197 	    }
198 	    else {
199 		if ((unit & 0xF0) == 0xA0)	/* SCSI HD or MO */
200 		    bdinfo[nbdinfo].bd_da_unit = da_drive++;
201 	    }
202 	    /* XXX we need "disk aliases" to make this simpler */
203 	    printf("BIOS drive %c: is disk%d\n",
204 		   'A' + nbdinfo, nbdinfo);
205 	    nbdinfo++;
206 	}
207     }
208     return(0);
209 }
210 
211 /*
212  * Try to detect a device supported by the legacy int13 BIOS
213  */
214 static int
bd_int13probe(struct bdinfo * bd)215 bd_int13probe(struct bdinfo *bd)
216 {
217     int addr;
218 
219     if (bd->bd_flags & BD_FLOPPY) {
220 	addr = 0xa155c;
221     } else {
222 	if ((bd->bd_unit & 0xf0) == 0x80)
223 	    addr = 0xa155d;
224 	else
225 	    addr = 0xa1482;
226     }
227     if ( *(u_char *)PTOV(addr) & (1<<(bd->bd_unit & 0x0f))) {
228 	bd->bd_flags |= BD_MODEINT13;
229 	return(1);
230     }
231     if ((bd->bd_unit & 0xF0) == 0xA0) {
232 	int media = ((unsigned *)PTOV(0xA1460))[bd->bd_unit & 0x0F] & 0x1F;
233 
234 	if (media == 7) { /* MO */
235 	    bd->bd_flags |= BD_MODEINT13 | BD_OPTICAL;
236 	    return(1);
237 	}
238     }
239     return(0);
240 }
241 
242 /*
243  * Print information about disks
244  */
245 static void
bd_print(int verbose)246 bd_print(int verbose)
247 {
248     int				i, j;
249     char			line[80];
250     struct i386_devdesc		dev;
251     struct open_disk		*od;
252     struct pc98_partition	*dptr;
253 
254     for (i = 0; i < nbdinfo; i++) {
255 	sprintf(line, "    disk%d:   BIOS drive %c:\n", i, 'A' + i);
256 	pager_output(line);
257 
258 	/* try to open the whole disk */
259 	dev.d_unit = i;
260 	dev.d_kind.biosdisk.slice = -1;
261 	dev.d_kind.biosdisk.partition = -1;
262 
263 	if (!bd_opendisk(&od, &dev)) {
264 
265 	    /* Do we have a partition table? */
266 	    if (od->od_flags & BD_PARTTABOK) {
267 		dptr = &od->od_slicetab[0];
268 
269 		/* Check for a "dedicated" disk */
270 		for (j = 0; j < od->od_nslices; j++) {
271 		    sprintf(line, "      disk%ds%d", i, j + 1);
272 		    bd_printslice(od, &dptr[j], line, verbose);
273 		}
274 	    }
275 	    bd_closedisk(od);
276 	}
277     }
278 }
279 
280 /* Given a size in 512 byte sectors, convert it to a human-readable number. */
281 static char *
display_size(uint64_t size)282 display_size(uint64_t size)
283 {
284     static char buf[80];
285     char unit;
286 
287     size /= 2;
288     unit = 'K';
289     if (size >= 10485760000LL) {
290 	size /= 1073741824;
291 	unit = 'T';
292     } else if (size >= 10240000) {
293 	size /= 1048576;
294 	unit = 'G';
295     } else if (size >= 10000) {
296 	size /= 1024;
297 	unit = 'M';
298     }
299     sprintf(buf, "%6ld%cB", (long)size, unit);
300     return (buf);
301 }
302 
303 /*
304  * Print information about slices on a disk.  For the size calculations we
305  * assume a 512 byte sector.
306  */
307 static void
bd_printslice(struct open_disk * od,struct pc98_partition * dp,char * prefix,int verbose)308 bd_printslice(struct open_disk *od, struct pc98_partition *dp, char *prefix,
309 	int verbose)
310 {
311 	int cylsecs, start, size;
312 	char stats[80];
313 	char line[80];
314 
315 	cylsecs = od->od_hds * od->od_sec;
316 	start = dp->dp_scyl * cylsecs + dp->dp_shd * od->od_sec + dp->dp_ssect;
317 	size = (dp->dp_ecyl - dp->dp_scyl + 1) * cylsecs;
318 
319 	if (verbose)
320 		sprintf(stats, " %s (%d - %d)", display_size(size),
321 		    start, start + size);
322 	else
323 		stats[0] = '\0';
324 
325 	switch(dp->dp_mid & PC98_MID_MASK) {
326 	case PC98_MID_386BSD:
327 		bd_printbsdslice(od, start, prefix, verbose);
328 		return;
329 	case 0x00:				/* unused partition */
330 		return;
331 	case 0x01:
332 		sprintf(line, "%s: FAT-12%s\n", prefix, stats);
333 		break;
334 	case 0x11:
335 	case 0x20:
336 	case 0x21:
337 	case 0x22:
338 	case 0x23:
339 	case 0x24:
340 		sprintf(line, "%s: FAT-16%s\n", prefix, stats);
341 		break;
342 	default:
343 		sprintf(line, "%s: Unknown fs: 0x%x %s\n", prefix, dp->dp_mid,
344 		    stats);
345 	}
346 	pager_output(line);
347 }
348 
349 /*
350  * Print out each valid partition in the disklabel of a FreeBSD slice.
351  * For size calculations, we assume a 512 byte sector size.
352  */
353 static void
bd_printbsdslice(struct open_disk * od,daddr_t offset,char * prefix,int verbose)354 bd_printbsdslice(struct open_disk *od, daddr_t offset, char *prefix,
355     int verbose)
356 {
357     char		line[80];
358     char		buf[BIOSDISK_SECSIZE];
359     struct disklabel	*lp;
360     int			i;
361 
362     /* read disklabel */
363     if (bd_read(od, offset + LABELSECTOR, 1, buf))
364 	return;
365     lp =(struct disklabel *)(&buf[0]);
366     if (lp->d_magic != DISKMAGIC) {
367 	sprintf(line, "%s: FFS  bad disklabel\n", prefix);
368 	pager_output(line);
369 	return;
370     }
371 
372     /* Print partitions */
373     for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
374 	/*
375 	 * For each partition, make sure we know what type of fs it is.  If
376 	 * not, then skip it.  However, since floppies often have bogus
377 	 * fstypes, print the 'a' partition on a floppy even if it is marked
378 	 * unused.
379 	 */
380 	if ((lp->d_partitions[i].p_fstype == FS_BSDFFS) ||
381             (lp->d_partitions[i].p_fstype == FS_SWAP) ||
382             (lp->d_partitions[i].p_fstype == FS_VINUM) ||
383 	    ((lp->d_partitions[i].p_fstype == FS_UNUSED) &&
384 	     (od->od_flags & BD_FLOPPY) && (i == 0))) {
385 
386 	    /* Only print out statistics in verbose mode */
387 	    if (verbose)
388 	        sprintf(line, "  %s%c: %s %s (%d - %d)\n", prefix, 'a' + i,
389 		    (lp->d_partitions[i].p_fstype == FS_SWAP) ? "swap " :
390 		    (lp->d_partitions[i].p_fstype == FS_VINUM) ? "vinum" :
391 		    "FFS  ",
392 		    display_size(lp->d_partitions[i].p_size),
393 		    lp->d_partitions[i].p_offset,
394 		    lp->d_partitions[i].p_offset + lp->d_partitions[i].p_size);
395 	    else
396 	        sprintf(line, "  %s%c: %s\n", prefix, 'a' + i,
397 		    (lp->d_partitions[i].p_fstype == FS_SWAP) ? "swap" :
398 		    (lp->d_partitions[i].p_fstype == FS_VINUM) ? "vinum" :
399 		    "FFS");
400 	    pager_output(line);
401 	}
402     }
403 }
404 
405 
406 /*
407  * Attempt to open the disk described by (dev) for use by (f).
408  *
409  * Note that the philosophy here is "give them exactly what
410  * they ask for".  This is necessary because being too "smart"
411  * about what the user might want leads to complications.
412  * (eg. given no slice or partition value, with a disk that is
413  *  sliced - are they after the first BSD slice, or the DOS
414  *  slice before it?)
415  */
416 static int
bd_open(struct open_file * f,...)417 bd_open(struct open_file *f, ...)
418 {
419     va_list			ap;
420     struct i386_devdesc		*dev;
421     struct open_disk		*od;
422     int				error;
423 
424     va_start(ap, f);
425     dev = va_arg(ap, struct i386_devdesc *);
426     va_end(ap);
427     if ((error = bd_opendisk(&od, dev)))
428 	return(error);
429 
430     /*
431      * Save our context
432      */
433     ((struct i386_devdesc *)(f->f_devdata))->d_kind.biosdisk.data = od;
434     DEBUG("open_disk %p, partition at 0x%x", od, od->od_boff);
435     return(0);
436 }
437 
438 static int
bd_opendisk(struct open_disk ** odp,struct i386_devdesc * dev)439 bd_opendisk(struct open_disk **odp, struct i386_devdesc *dev)
440 {
441     struct open_disk		*od;
442     int				error;
443 
444     if (dev->d_unit >= nbdinfo) {
445 	DEBUG("attempt to open nonexistent disk");
446 	return(ENXIO);
447     }
448 
449     od = (struct open_disk *)malloc(sizeof(struct open_disk));
450     if (!od) {
451 	DEBUG("no memory");
452 	return (ENOMEM);
453     }
454 
455     /* Look up BIOS unit number, intialise open_disk structure */
456     od->od_dkunit = dev->d_unit;
457     od->od_unit = bdinfo[od->od_dkunit].bd_unit;
458     od->od_flags = bdinfo[od->od_dkunit].bd_flags;
459     od->od_boff = 0;
460     error = 0;
461     DEBUG("open '%s', unit 0x%x slice %d partition %d",
462 	     i386_fmtdev(dev), dev->d_unit,
463 	     dev->d_kind.biosdisk.slice, dev->d_kind.biosdisk.partition);
464 
465     /* Get geometry for this open (removable device may have changed) */
466     if (bd_getgeom(od)) {
467 	DEBUG("can't get geometry");
468 	error = ENXIO;
469 	goto out;
470     }
471 
472     /* Determine disk layout. */
473     error = bd_open_pc98(od, dev);
474 
475  out:
476     if (error) {
477 	free(od);
478     } else {
479 	*odp = od;	/* return the open disk */
480     }
481     return(error);
482 }
483 
484 static int
bd_open_pc98(struct open_disk * od,struct i386_devdesc * dev)485 bd_open_pc98(struct open_disk *od, struct i386_devdesc *dev)
486 {
487     struct pc98_partition	*dptr;
488     struct disklabel		*lp;
489     int				sector, slice, i;
490     char			buf[BUFSIZE];
491 
492     /*
493      * Following calculations attempt to determine the correct value
494      * for d->od_boff by looking for the slice and partition specified,
495      * or searching for reasonable defaults.
496      */
497 
498     /*
499      * Find the slice in the DOS slice table.
500      */
501     od->od_nslices = 0;
502     if (od->od_flags & BD_FLOPPY) {
503 	sector = 0;
504 	goto unsliced;
505     }
506     if (bd_read(od, 0, 1, buf)) {
507 	DEBUG("error reading MBR");
508 	return (EIO);
509     }
510 
511     /*
512      * Check the slice table magic.
513      */
514     if (((u_char)buf[0x1fe] != 0x55) || ((u_char)buf[0x1ff] != 0xaa)) {
515 	/* If a slice number was explicitly supplied, this is an error */
516 	if (dev->d_kind.biosdisk.slice > 0) {
517 	    DEBUG("no slice table/MBR (no magic)");
518 	    return (ENOENT);
519 	}
520 	sector = 0;
521 	goto unsliced;		/* may be a floppy */
522     }
523     if (bd_read(od, 1, 1, buf)) {
524 	DEBUG("error reading MBR");
525 	return (EIO);
526     }
527 
528     /*
529      * copy the partition table, then pick up any extended partitions.
530      */
531     bcopy(buf + PC98_PARTOFF, &od->od_slicetab,
532       sizeof(struct pc98_partition) * PC98_NPARTS);
533     od->od_nslices = PC98_NPARTS;	/* extended slices start here */
534     od->od_flags |= BD_PARTTABOK;
535     dptr = &od->od_slicetab[0];
536 
537     /* Is this a request for the whole disk? */
538     if (dev->d_kind.biosdisk.slice == -1) {
539 	sector = 0;
540 	goto unsliced;
541     }
542 
543     /*
544      * if a slice number was supplied but not found, this is an error.
545      */
546     if (dev->d_kind.biosdisk.slice > 0) {
547         slice = dev->d_kind.biosdisk.slice - 1;
548         if (slice >= od->od_nslices) {
549             DEBUG("slice %d not found", slice);
550 	    return (ENOENT);
551         }
552     }
553 
554     /* Try to auto-detect the best slice; this should always give a slice number */
555     if (dev->d_kind.biosdisk.slice == 0) {
556 	slice = bd_bestslice(od);
557         if (slice == -1) {
558 	    return (ENOENT);
559         }
560         dev->d_kind.biosdisk.slice = slice;
561     }
562 
563     dptr = &od->od_slicetab[0];
564     /*
565      * Accept the supplied slice number unequivocally (we may be looking
566      * at a DOS partition).
567      */
568     dptr += (dev->d_kind.biosdisk.slice - 1);	/* we number 1-4, offsets are 0-3 */
569     sector = dptr->dp_scyl * od->od_hds * od->od_sec +
570 	dptr->dp_shd * od->od_sec + dptr->dp_ssect;
571     {
572 	int end = dptr->dp_ecyl * od->od_hds * od->od_sec +
573 	    dptr->dp_ehd * od->od_sec + dptr->dp_esect;
574 	DEBUG("slice entry %d at %d, %d sectors",
575 	      dev->d_kind.biosdisk.slice - 1, sector, end-sector);
576     }
577 
578     /*
579      * If we are looking at a BSD slice, and the partition is < 0, assume the 'a' partition
580      */
581     if ((dptr->dp_mid == DOSMID_386BSD) && (dev->d_kind.biosdisk.partition < 0))
582 	dev->d_kind.biosdisk.partition = 0;
583 
584  unsliced:
585     /*
586      * Now we have the slice offset, look for the partition in the disklabel if we have
587      * a partition to start with.
588      *
589      * XXX we might want to check the label checksum.
590      */
591     if (dev->d_kind.biosdisk.partition < 0) {
592 	od->od_boff = sector;		/* no partition, must be after the slice */
593 	DEBUG("opening raw slice");
594     } else {
595 
596 	if (bd_read(od, sector + LABELSECTOR, 1, buf)) {
597 	    DEBUG("error reading disklabel");
598 	    return (EIO);
599 	}
600 	DEBUG("copy %d bytes of label from %p to %p", sizeof(struct disklabel), buf + LABELOFFSET, &od->od_disklabel);
601 	bcopy(buf + LABELOFFSET, &od->od_disklabel, sizeof(struct disklabel));
602 	lp = &od->od_disklabel;
603 	od->od_flags |= BD_LABELOK;
604 
605 	if (lp->d_magic != DISKMAGIC) {
606 	    DEBUG("no disklabel");
607 	    return (ENOENT);
608 	}
609 	if (dev->d_kind.biosdisk.partition >= lp->d_npartitions) {
610 	    DEBUG("partition '%c' exceeds partitions in table (a-'%c')",
611 		  'a' + dev->d_kind.biosdisk.partition, 'a' + lp->d_npartitions);
612 	    return (EPART);
613 	}
614 
615 #ifdef DISK_DEBUG
616 	/* Complain if the partition is unused unless this is a floppy. */
617 	if ((lp->d_partitions[dev->d_kind.biosdisk.partition].p_fstype == FS_UNUSED) &&
618 	    !(od->od_flags & BD_FLOPPY))
619 	    DEBUG("warning, partition marked as unused");
620 #endif
621 
622 	od->od_boff =
623 		lp->d_partitions[dev->d_kind.biosdisk.partition].p_offset -
624 		lp->d_partitions[RAW_PART].p_offset +
625 		sector;
626     }
627     return (0);
628 }
629 
630 /*
631  * Search for a slice with the following preferences:
632  *
633  * 1: Active FreeBSD slice
634  * 2: Non-active FreeBSD slice
635  * 3: Active Linux slice
636  * 4: non-active Linux slice
637  * 5: Active FAT/FAT32 slice
638  * 6: non-active FAT/FAT32 slice
639  */
640 #define PREF_RAWDISK	0
641 #define PREF_FBSD_ACT	1
642 #define PREF_FBSD	2
643 #define PREF_LINUX_ACT	3
644 #define PREF_LINUX	4
645 #define PREF_DOS_ACT	5
646 #define PREF_DOS	6
647 #define PREF_NONE	7
648 
649 /*
650  * slicelimit is in the range 0 .. PC98_NPARTS
651  */
652 static int
bd_bestslice(struct open_disk * od)653 bd_bestslice(struct open_disk *od)
654 {
655 	struct pc98_partition *dp;
656 	int pref, preflevel;
657 	int i, prefslice;
658 
659 	prefslice = 0;
660 	preflevel = PREF_NONE;
661 
662 	dp = &od->od_slicetab[0];
663 	for (i = 0; i < od->od_nslices; i++, dp++) {
664 		switch(dp->dp_mid & PC98_MID_MASK) {
665 		case PC98_MID_386BSD:		/* FreeBSD */
666 			if ((dp->dp_mid & PC98_MID_BOOTABLE) &&
667 			    (preflevel > PREF_FBSD_ACT)) {
668 				pref = i;
669 				preflevel = PREF_FBSD_ACT;
670 			} else if (preflevel > PREF_FBSD) {
671 				pref = i;
672 				preflevel = PREF_FBSD;
673 			}
674 			break;
675 
676 		case 0x11:				/* DOS/Windows */
677 		case 0x20:
678 		case 0x21:
679 		case 0x22:
680 		case 0x23:
681 		case 0x63:
682 			if ((dp->dp_mid & PC98_MID_BOOTABLE) &&
683 			    (preflevel > PREF_DOS_ACT)) {
684 				pref = i;
685 				preflevel = PREF_DOS_ACT;
686 			} else if (preflevel > PREF_DOS) {
687 				pref = i;
688 				preflevel = PREF_DOS;
689 			}
690 			break;
691 		}
692 	}
693 	return (prefslice);
694 }
695 
696 static int
bd_close(struct open_file * f)697 bd_close(struct open_file *f)
698 {
699     struct open_disk	*od = (struct open_disk *)(((struct i386_devdesc *)(f->f_devdata))->d_kind.biosdisk.data);
700 
701     bd_closedisk(od);
702     return(0);
703 }
704 
705 static void
bd_closedisk(struct open_disk * od)706 bd_closedisk(struct open_disk *od)
707 {
708     DEBUG("open_disk %p", od);
709 #if 0
710     /* XXX is this required? (especially if disk already open...) */
711     if (od->od_flags & BD_FLOPPY)
712 	delay(3000000);
713 #endif
714     free(od);
715 }
716 
717 static int
bd_strategy(void * devdata,int rw,daddr_t dblk,size_t size,char * buf,size_t * rsize)718 bd_strategy(void *devdata, int rw, daddr_t dblk, size_t size, char *buf, size_t *rsize)
719 {
720     struct bcache_devdata	bcd;
721     struct open_disk	*od = (struct open_disk *)(((struct i386_devdesc *)devdata)->d_kind.biosdisk.data);
722 
723     bcd.dv_strategy = bd_realstrategy;
724     bcd.dv_devdata = devdata;
725     return(bcache_strategy(&bcd, od->od_unit, rw, dblk+od->od_boff, size, buf, rsize));
726 }
727 
728 static int
bd_realstrategy(void * devdata,int rw,daddr_t dblk,size_t size,char * buf,size_t * rsize)729 bd_realstrategy(void *devdata, int rw, daddr_t dblk, size_t size, char *buf, size_t *rsize)
730 {
731     struct open_disk	*od = (struct open_disk *)(((struct i386_devdesc *)devdata)->d_kind.biosdisk.data);
732     int			blks;
733 #ifdef BD_SUPPORT_FRAGS
734     char		fragbuf[BIOSDISK_SECSIZE];
735     size_t		fragsize;
736 
737     fragsize = size % BIOSDISK_SECSIZE;
738 #else
739     if (size % BIOSDISK_SECSIZE)
740 	panic("bd_strategy: %d bytes I/O not multiple of block size", size);
741 #endif
742 
743     DEBUG("open_disk %p", od);
744     blks = size / BIOSDISK_SECSIZE;
745     if (rsize)
746 	*rsize = 0;
747 
748     switch(rw){
749     case F_READ:
750 	DEBUG("read %d from %d to %p", blks, dblk, buf);
751 
752 	if (blks && bd_read(od, dblk, blks, buf)) {
753 	    DEBUG("read error");
754 	    return (EIO);
755 	}
756 #ifdef BD_SUPPORT_FRAGS
757 	DEBUG("bd_strategy: frag read %d from %d+%d to %p",
758 	    fragsize, dblk, blks, buf + (blks * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE));
759 	if (fragsize && bd_read(od, dblk + blks, 1, fragsize)) {
760 	    DEBUG("frag read error");
761 	    return(EIO);
762 	}
763 	bcopy(fragbuf, buf + (blks * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE), fragsize);
764 #endif
765 	break;
766     case F_WRITE :
767 	DEBUG("write %d from %d to %p", blks, dblk, buf);
768 
769 	if (blks && bd_write(od, dblk, blks, buf)) {
770 	    DEBUG("write error");
771 	    return (EIO);
772 	}
773 #ifdef BD_SUPPORT_FRAGS
774 	if(fragsize) {
775 	    DEBUG("Attempted to write a frag");
776 	    return (EIO);
777 	}
778 #endif
779 	break;
780     default:
781 	/* DO NOTHING */
782 	return (EROFS);
783     }
784 
785     if (rsize)
786 	*rsize = size;
787     return (0);
788 }
789 
790 /* Max number of sectors to bounce-buffer if the request crosses a 64k boundary */
791 #define FLOPPY_BOUNCEBUF	18
792 
793 static int
bd_chs_io(struct open_disk * od,daddr_t dblk,int blks,caddr_t dest,int write)794 bd_chs_io(struct open_disk *od, daddr_t dblk, int blks, caddr_t dest, int write)
795 {
796     u_int	x, bpc, cyl, hd, sec;
797 
798     bpc = (od->od_sec * od->od_hds);	/* blocks per cylinder */
799     x = dblk;
800     cyl = x / bpc;			/* block # / blocks per cylinder */
801     x %= bpc;				/* block offset into cylinder */
802     hd = x / od->od_sec;		/* offset / blocks per track */
803     sec = x % od->od_sec;		/* offset into track */
804 
805     v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS;
806     v86.addr = 0x1b;
807     if (write)
808 	v86.eax = 0x0500 | od->od_unit;
809     else
810 	v86.eax = 0x0600 | od->od_unit;
811     if (od->od_flags & BD_FLOPPY) {
812 	v86.eax |= 0xd000;
813 	v86.ecx = 0x0200 | (cyl & 0xff);
814 	v86.edx = (hd << 8) | (sec + 1);
815     } else if (od->od_flags & BD_OPTICAL) {
816 	v86.eax &= 0xFF7F;
817 	v86.ecx = dblk & 0xFFFF;
818 	v86.edx = dblk >> 16;
819     } else {
820 	v86.ecx = cyl;
821 	v86.edx = (hd << 8) | sec;
822     }
823     v86.ebx = blks * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE;
824     v86.es = VTOPSEG(dest);
825     v86.ebp = VTOPOFF(dest);
826     v86int();
827     return (V86_CY(v86.efl));
828 }
829 
830 static int
bd_io(struct open_disk * od,daddr_t dblk,int blks,caddr_t dest,int write)831 bd_io(struct open_disk *od, daddr_t dblk, int blks, caddr_t dest, int write)
832 {
833     u_int	x, sec, result, resid, retry, maxfer;
834     caddr_t	p, xp, bbuf, breg;
835 
836     /* Just in case some idiot actually tries to read/write -1 blocks... */
837     if (blks < 0)
838 	return (-1);
839 
840     resid = blks;
841     p = dest;
842 
843     /* Decide whether we have to bounce */
844     if (VTOP(dest) >> 20 != 0 ||
845 	((VTOP(dest) >> 16) != (VTOP(dest + blks * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE) >> 16))) {
846 
847 	/*
848 	 * There is a 64k physical boundary somewhere in the
849 	 * destination buffer, or the destination buffer is above
850 	 * first 1MB of physical memory so we have to arrange a
851 	 * suitable bounce buffer.  Allocate a buffer twice as large
852 	 * as we need to.  Use the bottom half unless there is a break
853 	 * there, in which case we use the top half.
854 	 */
855 	x = min(od->od_sec, (unsigned)blks);
856 	bbuf = alloca(x * 2 * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE);
857 	if (((u_int32_t)VTOP(bbuf) & 0xffff0000) ==
858 	    ((u_int32_t)VTOP(bbuf + x * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE) & 0xffff0000)) {
859 	    breg = bbuf;
860 	} else {
861 	    breg = bbuf + x * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE;
862 	}
863 	maxfer = x;		/* limit transfers to bounce region size */
864     } else {
865 	breg = bbuf = NULL;
866 	maxfer = 0;
867     }
868 
869     while (resid > 0) {
870 	/*
871 	 * Play it safe and don't cross track boundaries.
872 	 * (XXX this is probably unnecessary)
873 	 */
874 	sec = dblk % od->od_sec;	/* offset into track */
875 	x = min(od->od_sec - sec, resid);
876 	if (maxfer > 0)
877 	    x = min(x, maxfer);		/* fit bounce buffer */
878 
879 	/* where do we transfer to? */
880 	xp = bbuf == NULL ? p : breg;
881 
882 	/*
883 	 * Put your Data In, Put your Data out,
884 	 * Put your Data In, and shake it all about
885 	 */
886 	if (write && bbuf != NULL)
887 	    bcopy(p, breg, x * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE);
888 
889 	/*
890 	 * Loop retrying the operation a couple of times.  The BIOS
891 	 * may also retry.
892 	 */
893 	for (retry = 0; retry < 3; retry++) {
894 	    /* if retrying, reset the drive */
895 	    if (retry > 0) {
896 		v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS;
897 		v86.addr = 0x1b;
898 		v86.eax = 0x0300 | od->od_unit;
899 		v86int();
900 	    }
901 
902 	    result = bd_chs_io(od, dblk, x, xp, write);
903 	    if (result == 0)
904 		break;
905 	}
906 
907 	if (write)
908 	    DEBUG("Write %d sector(s) from %p (0x%x) to %lld %s", x,
909 		p, VTOP(p), dblk, result ? "failed" : "ok");
910 	else
911 	    DEBUG("Read %d sector(s) from %lld to %p (0x%x) %s", x,
912 		dblk, p, VTOP(p), result ? "failed" : "ok");
913 	if (result) {
914 	    return(-1);
915 	}
916 	if (!write && bbuf != NULL)
917 	    bcopy(breg, p, x * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE);
918 	p += (x * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE);
919 	dblk += x;
920 	resid -= x;
921     }
922 
923 /*    hexdump(dest, (blks * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE)); */
924     return(0);
925 }
926 
927 static int
bd_read(struct open_disk * od,daddr_t dblk,int blks,caddr_t dest)928 bd_read(struct open_disk *od, daddr_t dblk, int blks, caddr_t dest)
929 {
930 
931     return (bd_io(od, dblk, blks, dest, 0));
932 }
933 
934 static int
bd_write(struct open_disk * od,daddr_t dblk,int blks,caddr_t dest)935 bd_write(struct open_disk *od, daddr_t dblk, int blks, caddr_t dest)
936 {
937 
938     return (bd_io(od, dblk, blks, dest, 1));
939 }
940 
941 static int
bd_getgeom(struct open_disk * od)942 bd_getgeom(struct open_disk *od)
943 {
944 
945     if (od->od_flags & BD_FLOPPY) {
946 	od->od_cyl = 79;
947 	od->od_hds = 2;
948 	od->od_sec = (od->od_unit & 0xf0) == 0x30 ? 18 : 15;
949     } else if (od->od_flags & BD_OPTICAL) {
950 	od->od_cyl = 0xFFFE;
951 	od->od_hds = 8;
952 	od->od_sec = 32;
953     } else {
954 	v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS;
955 	v86.addr = 0x1b;
956 	v86.eax = 0x8400 | od->od_unit;
957 	v86int();
958 
959 	od->od_cyl = v86.ecx;
960 	od->od_hds = (v86.edx >> 8) & 0xff;
961 	od->od_sec = v86.edx & 0xff;
962 	if (V86_CY(v86.efl))
963 	    return(1);
964     }
965 
966     DEBUG("unit 0x%x geometry %d/%d/%d", od->od_unit, od->od_cyl, od->od_hds, od->od_sec);
967     return(0);
968 }
969 
970 /*
971  * Return the BIOS geometry of a given "fixed drive" in a format
972  * suitable for the legacy bootinfo structure.  Since the kernel is
973  * expecting raw int 0x13/0x8 values for N_BIOS_GEOM drives, we
974  * prefer to get the information directly, rather than rely on being
975  * able to put it together from information already maintained for
976  * different purposes and for a probably different number of drives.
977  *
978  * For valid drives, the geometry is expected in the format (31..0)
979  * "000000cc cccccccc hhhhhhhh 00ssssss"; and invalid drives are
980  * indicated by returning the geometry of a "1.2M" PC-format floppy
981  * disk.  And, incidentally, what is returned is not the geometry as
982  * such but the highest valid cylinder, head, and sector numbers.
983  */
984 u_int32_t
bd_getbigeom(int bunit)985 bd_getbigeom(int bunit)
986 {
987     int hds = 0;
988     int unit = 0x80;		/* IDE HDD */
989     u_int addr = 0xA155d;
990 
991     while (unit < 0xa7) {
992 	if (*(u_char *)PTOV(addr) & (1 << (unit & 0x0f)))
993 	    if (hds++ == bunit)
994 		break;
995 
996 	if (unit >= 0xA0) {
997 	    int  media = ((unsigned *)PTOV(0xA1460))[unit & 0x0F] & 0x1F;
998 
999 	    if (media == 7 && hds++ == bunit)	/* SCSI MO */
1000 		return(0xFFFE0820); /* C:65535 H:8 S:32 */
1001 	}
1002 	if (++unit == 0x84) {
1003 	    unit = 0xA0;	/* SCSI HDD */
1004 	    addr = 0xA1482;
1005 	}
1006     }
1007     if (unit == 0xa7)
1008 	return 0x4F020F;	/* 1200KB FD C:80 H:2 S:15 */
1009     v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS;
1010     v86.addr = 0x1b;
1011     v86.eax = 0x8400 | unit;
1012     v86int();
1013     if (V86_CY(v86.efl))
1014 	return 0x4F020F;	/* 1200KB FD C:80 H:2 S:15 */
1015     return ((v86.ecx & 0xffff) << 16) | (v86.edx & 0xffff);
1016 }
1017 
1018 /*
1019  * Return a suitable dev_t value for (dev).
1020  *
1021  * In the case where it looks like (dev) is a SCSI disk, we allow the number of
1022  * IDE disks to be specified in $num_ide_disks.  There should be a Better Way.
1023  */
1024 int
bd_getdev(struct i386_devdesc * dev)1025 bd_getdev(struct i386_devdesc *dev)
1026 {
1027     struct open_disk		*od;
1028     int				biosdev;
1029     int 			major;
1030     int				rootdev;
1031     char			*nip, *cp;
1032     int				unitofs = 0, i, unit;
1033 
1034     biosdev = bd_unit2bios(dev->d_unit);
1035     DEBUG("unit %d BIOS device %d", dev->d_unit, biosdev);
1036     if (biosdev == -1)				/* not a BIOS device */
1037 	return(-1);
1038     if (bd_opendisk(&od, dev) != 0)		/* oops, not a viable device */
1039 	return(-1);
1040 
1041     if ((biosdev & 0xf0) == 0x90 || (biosdev & 0xf0) == 0x30) {
1042 	/* floppy (or emulated floppy) or ATAPI device */
1043 	if (bdinfo[dev->d_unit].bd_type == DT_ATAPI) {
1044 	    /* is an ATAPI disk */
1045 	    major = WFDMAJOR;
1046 	} else {
1047 	    /* is a floppy disk */
1048 	    major = FDMAJOR;
1049 	}
1050     } else {
1051 	/* harddisk */
1052 	if ((od->od_flags & BD_LABELOK) && (od->od_disklabel.d_type == DTYPE_SCSI)) {
1053 	    /* label OK, disk labelled as SCSI */
1054 	    major = DAMAJOR;
1055 	    /* check for unit number correction hint, now deprecated */
1056 	    if ((nip = getenv("num_ide_disks")) != NULL) {
1057 		i = strtol(nip, &cp, 0);
1058 		/* check for parse error */
1059 		if ((cp != nip) && (*cp == 0))
1060 		    unitofs = i;
1061 	    }
1062 	} else {
1063 	    /* assume an IDE disk */
1064 	    major = WDMAJOR;
1065 	}
1066     }
1067     /* default root disk unit number */
1068     if ((biosdev & 0xf0) == 0xa0)
1069 	unit = bdinfo[dev->d_unit].bd_da_unit;
1070     else
1071 	unit = biosdev & 0xf;
1072 
1073     /* XXX a better kludge to set the root disk unit number */
1074     if ((nip = getenv("root_disk_unit")) != NULL) {
1075 	i = strtol(nip, &cp, 0);
1076 	/* check for parse error */
1077 	if ((cp != nip) && (*cp == 0))
1078 	    unit = i;
1079     }
1080 
1081     rootdev = MAKEBOOTDEV(major, dev->d_kind.biosdisk.slice + 1, unit,
1082 	dev->d_kind.biosdisk.partition);
1083     DEBUG("dev is 0x%x\n", rootdev);
1084     return(rootdev);
1085 }
1086