xref: /freebsd-head/sys/kern/kern_time.c (revision 626ea75ed2e9e9365ef8d7a4fa8ef219020c98c6)

/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#include "opt_ktrace.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/limits.h>
#include <sys/clock.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/mutex.h>
#include <sys/sysproto.h>
#include <sys/resourcevar.h>
#include <sys/signalvar.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/sleepqueue.h>
#include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/priv.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/posix4.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/timers.h>
#include <sys/timetc.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#ifdef KTRACE
#include <sys/ktrace.h>
#endif

#include <vm/vm.h>
#include <vm/vm_extern.h>
#include <vm/uma.h>

#define MAX_CLOCKS 	(CLOCK_MONOTONIC+1)
#define CPUCLOCK_BIT		0x80000000
#define CPUCLOCK_PROCESS_BIT	0x40000000
#define CPUCLOCK_ID_MASK	(~(CPUCLOCK_BIT|CPUCLOCK_PROCESS_BIT))
#define MAKE_THREAD_CPUCLOCK(tid)	(CPUCLOCK_BIT|(tid))
#define MAKE_PROCESS_CPUCLOCK(pid)	\
	(CPUCLOCK_BIT|CPUCLOCK_PROCESS_BIT|(pid))

#define NS_PER_SEC	1000000000

static struct kclock	posix_clocks[MAX_CLOCKS];
static uma_zone_t	itimer_zone = NULL;

/*
 * Time of day and interval timer support.
 *
 * These routines provide the kernel entry points to get and set
 * the time-of-day and per-process interval timers.  Subroutines
 * here provide support for adding and subtracting timeval structures
 * and decrementing interval timers, optionally reloading the interval
 * timers when they expire.
 */

static int	settime(struct thread *, struct timeval *);
static void	timevalfix(struct timeval *);
static int	user_clock_nanosleep(struct thread *td, clockid_t clock_id,
		    int flags, const struct timespec *ua_rqtp,
		    struct timespec *ua_rmtp);

static void	itimer_start(void);
static int	itimer_init(void *, int, int);
static void	itimer_fini(void *, int);
static void	itimer_enter(struct itimer *);
static void	itimer_leave(struct itimer *);
static struct itimer *itimer_find(struct proc *, int);
static void	itimers_alloc(struct proc *);
static int	realtimer_create(struct itimer *);
static int	realtimer_gettime(struct itimer *, struct itimerspec *);
static int	realtimer_settime(struct itimer *, int,
			struct itimerspec *, struct itimerspec *);
static int	realtimer_delete(struct itimer *);
static void	realtimer_clocktime(clockid_t, struct timespec *);
static void	realtimer_expire(void *);
static void	realtimer_expire_l(struct itimer *it, bool proc_locked);

static void	realitexpire(void *arg);

static int	register_posix_clock(int, const struct kclock *);
static void	itimer_fire(struct itimer *it);
static int	itimespecfix(struct timespec *ts);

#define CLOCK_CALL(clock, call, arglist)		\
	((*posix_clocks[clock].call) arglist)

SYSINIT(posix_timer, SI_SUB_P1003_1B, SI_ORDER_FIRST+4, itimer_start, NULL);

static int
settime(struct thread *td, struct timeval *tv)
{
	struct timeval delta, tv1, tv2;
	static struct timeval maxtime, laststep;
	struct timespec ts;

	microtime(&tv1);
	delta = *tv;
	timevalsub(&delta, &tv1);

	/*
	 * If the system is secure, we do not allow the time to be
	 * set to a value earlier than 1 second less than the highest
	 * time we have yet seen. The worst a miscreant can do in
	 * this circumstance is "freeze" time. He couldn't go
	 * back to the past.
	 *
	 * We similarly do not allow the clock to be stepped more
	 * than one second, nor more than once per second. This allows
	 * a miscreant to make the clock march double-time, but no worse.
	 */
	if (securelevel_gt(td->td_ucred, 1) != 0) {
		if (delta.tv_sec < 0 || delta.tv_usec < 0) {
			/*
			 * Update maxtime to latest time we've seen.
			 */
			if (tv1.tv_sec > maxtime.tv_sec)
				maxtime = tv1;
			tv2 = *tv;
			timevalsub(&tv2, &maxtime);
			if (tv2.tv_sec < -1) {
				tv->tv_sec = maxtime.tv_sec - 1;
				printf("Time adjustment clamped to -1 second\n");
			}
		} else {
			if (tv1.tv_sec == laststep.tv_sec)
				return (EPERM);
			if (delta.tv_sec > 1) {
				tv->tv_sec = tv1.tv_sec + 1;
				printf("Time adjustment clamped to +1 second\n");
			}
			laststep = *tv;
		}
	}

	ts.tv_sec = tv->tv_sec;
	ts.tv_nsec = tv->tv_usec * 1000;
	tc_setclock(&ts);
	resettodr();
	return (0);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct clock_getcpuclockid2_args {
	id_t id;
	int which,
	clockid_t *clock_id;
};
#endif
/* ARGSUSED */
int
sys_clock_getcpuclockid2(struct thread *td, struct clock_getcpuclockid2_args *uap)
{
	clockid_t clk_id;
	int error;

	error = kern_clock_getcpuclockid2(td, uap->id, uap->which, &clk_id);
	if (error == 0)
		error = copyout(&clk_id, uap->clock_id, sizeof(clockid_t));
	return (error);
}

int
kern_clock_getcpuclockid2(struct thread *td, id_t id, int which,
    clockid_t *clk_id)
{
	struct proc *p;
	pid_t pid;
	lwpid_t tid;
	int error;

	switch (which) {
	case CPUCLOCK_WHICH_PID:
		if (id != 0) {
			error = pget(id, PGET_CANSEE | PGET_NOTID, &p);
			if (error != 0)
				return (error);
			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
			pid = id;
		} else {
			pid = td->td_proc->p_pid;
		}
		*clk_id = MAKE_PROCESS_CPUCLOCK(pid);
		return (0);
	case CPUCLOCK_WHICH_TID:
		tid = id == 0 ? td->td_tid : id;
		*clk_id = MAKE_THREAD_CPUCLOCK(tid);
		return (0);
	default:
		return (EINVAL);
	}
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct clock_gettime_args {
	clockid_t clock_id;
	struct	timespec *tp;
};
#endif
/* ARGSUSED */
int
sys_clock_gettime(struct thread *td, struct clock_gettime_args *uap)
{
	struct timespec ats;
	int error;

	error = kern_clock_gettime(td, uap->clock_id, &ats);
	if (error == 0)
		error = copyout(&ats, uap->tp, sizeof(ats));

	return (error);
}

static inline void
cputick2timespec(uint64_t runtime, struct timespec *ats)
{
	uint64_t tr;
	tr = cpu_tickrate();
	ats->tv_sec = runtime / tr;
	ats->tv_nsec = ((runtime % tr) * 1000000000ULL) / tr;
}

void
kern_thread_cputime(struct thread *targettd, struct timespec *ats)
{
	uint64_t runtime, curtime, switchtime;

	if (targettd == NULL) { /* current thread */
		spinlock_enter();
		switchtime = PCPU_GET(switchtime);
		curtime = cpu_ticks();
		runtime = curthread->td_runtime;
		spinlock_exit();
		runtime += curtime - switchtime;
	} else {
		PROC_LOCK_ASSERT(targettd->td_proc, MA_OWNED);
		thread_lock(targettd);
		runtime = targettd->td_runtime;
		thread_unlock(targettd);
	}
	cputick2timespec(runtime, ats);
}

void
kern_process_cputime(struct proc *targetp, struct timespec *ats)
{
	uint64_t runtime;
	struct rusage ru;

	PROC_LOCK_ASSERT(targetp, MA_OWNED);
	PROC_STATLOCK(targetp);
	rufetch(targetp, &ru);
	runtime = targetp->p_rux.rux_runtime;
	if (curthread->td_proc == targetp)
		runtime += cpu_ticks() - PCPU_GET(switchtime);
	PROC_STATUNLOCK(targetp);
	cputick2timespec(runtime, ats);
}

static int
get_cputime(struct thread *td, clockid_t clock_id, struct timespec *ats)
{
	struct proc *p, *p2;
	struct thread *td2;
	lwpid_t tid;
	pid_t pid;
	int error;

	p = td->td_proc;
	if ((clock_id & CPUCLOCK_PROCESS_BIT) == 0) {
		tid = clock_id & CPUCLOCK_ID_MASK;
		td2 = tdfind(tid, p->p_pid);
		if (td2 == NULL)
			return (EINVAL);
		kern_thread_cputime(td2, ats);
		PROC_UNLOCK(td2->td_proc);
	} else {
		pid = clock_id & CPUCLOCK_ID_MASK;
		error = pget(pid, PGET_CANSEE, &p2);
		if (error != 0)
			return (EINVAL);
		kern_process_cputime(p2, ats);
		PROC_UNLOCK(p2);
	}
	return (0);
}

int
kern_clock_gettime(struct thread *td, clockid_t clock_id, struct timespec *ats)
{
	struct timeval sys, user;
	struct proc *p;

	p = td->td_proc;
	switch (clock_id) {
	case CLOCK_REALTIME:		/* Default to precise. */
	case CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE:
		nanotime(ats);
		break;
	case CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST:
		getnanotime(ats);
		break;
	case CLOCK_VIRTUAL:
		PROC_LOCK(p);
		PROC_STATLOCK(p);
		calcru(p, &user, &sys);
		PROC_STATUNLOCK(p);
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		TIMEVAL_TO_TIMESPEC(&user, ats);
		break;
	case CLOCK_PROF:
		PROC_LOCK(p);
		PROC_STATLOCK(p);
		calcru(p, &user, &sys);
		PROC_STATUNLOCK(p);
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		timevaladd(&user, &sys);
		TIMEVAL_TO_TIMESPEC(&user, ats);
		break;
	case CLOCK_MONOTONIC:		/* Default to precise. */
	case CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE:
	case CLOCK_UPTIME:
	case CLOCK_UPTIME_PRECISE:
		nanouptime(ats);
		break;
	case CLOCK_UPTIME_FAST:
	case CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST:
		getnanouptime(ats);
		break;
	case CLOCK_SECOND:
		ats->tv_sec = time_second;
		ats->tv_nsec = 0;
		break;
	case CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID:
		kern_thread_cputime(NULL, ats);
		break;
	case CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID:
		PROC_LOCK(p);
		kern_process_cputime(p, ats);
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		break;
	default:
		if ((int)clock_id >= 0)
			return (EINVAL);
		return (get_cputime(td, clock_id, ats));
	}
	return (0);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct clock_settime_args {
	clockid_t clock_id;
	const struct	timespec *tp;
};
#endif
/* ARGSUSED */
int
sys_clock_settime(struct thread *td, struct clock_settime_args *uap)
{
	struct timespec ats;
	int error;

	if ((error = copyin(uap->tp, &ats, sizeof(ats))) != 0)
		return (error);
	return (kern_clock_settime(td, uap->clock_id, &ats));
}

static int allow_insane_settime = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, allow_insane_settime, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
    &allow_insane_settime, 0,
    "do not perform possibly restrictive checks on settime(2) args");

int
kern_clock_settime(struct thread *td, clockid_t clock_id, struct timespec *ats)
{
	struct timeval atv;
	int error;

	if ((error = priv_check(td, PRIV_CLOCK_SETTIME)) != 0)
		return (error);
	if (clock_id != CLOCK_REALTIME)
		return (EINVAL);
	if (!timespecvalid_interval(ats))
		return (EINVAL);
	if (!allow_insane_settime &&
	    (ats->tv_sec > 8000ULL * 365 * 24 * 60 * 60 ||
	    ats->tv_sec < utc_offset()))
		return (EINVAL);
	/* XXX Don't convert nsec->usec and back */
	TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&atv, ats);
	error = settime(td, &atv);
	return (error);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct clock_getres_args {
	clockid_t clock_id;
	struct	timespec *tp;
};
#endif
int
sys_clock_getres(struct thread *td, struct clock_getres_args *uap)
{
	struct timespec ts;
	int error;

	if (uap->tp == NULL)
		return (0);

	error = kern_clock_getres(td, uap->clock_id, &ts);
	if (error == 0)
		error = copyout(&ts, uap->tp, sizeof(ts));
	return (error);
}

int
kern_clock_getres(struct thread *td, clockid_t clock_id, struct timespec *ts)
{

	ts->tv_sec = 0;
	switch (clock_id) {
	case CLOCK_REALTIME:
	case CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST:
	case CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE:
	case CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
	case CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST:
	case CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE:
	case CLOCK_UPTIME:
	case CLOCK_UPTIME_FAST:
	case CLOCK_UPTIME_PRECISE:
		/*
		 * Round up the result of the division cheaply by adding 1.
		 * Rounding up is especially important if rounding down
		 * would give 0.  Perfect rounding is unimportant.
		 */
		ts->tv_nsec = NS_PER_SEC / tc_getfrequency() + 1;
		break;
	case CLOCK_VIRTUAL:
	case CLOCK_PROF:
		/* Accurately round up here because we can do so cheaply. */
		ts->tv_nsec = howmany(NS_PER_SEC, hz);
		break;
	case CLOCK_SECOND:
		ts->tv_sec = 1;
		ts->tv_nsec = 0;
		break;
	case CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID:
	case CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID:
	cputime:
		ts->tv_nsec = 1000000000 / cpu_tickrate() + 1;
		break;
	default:
		if ((int)clock_id < 0)
			goto cputime;
		return (EINVAL);
	}
	return (0);
}

int
kern_nanosleep(struct thread *td, struct timespec *rqt, struct timespec *rmt)
{

	return (kern_clock_nanosleep(td, CLOCK_REALTIME, TIMER_RELTIME, rqt,
	    rmt));
}

static __read_mostly bool nanosleep_precise = true;
SYSCTL_BOOL(_kern_timecounter, OID_AUTO, nanosleep_precise, CTLFLAG_RW,
    &nanosleep_precise, 0, "clock_nanosleep() with CLOCK_REALTIME, "
    "CLOCK_MONOTONIC, CLOCK_UPTIME and nanosleep(2) use precise clock");
static uint8_t nanowait[MAXCPU];

int
kern_clock_nanosleep(struct thread *td, clockid_t clock_id, int flags,
    const struct timespec *rqt, struct timespec *rmt)
{
	struct timespec ts, now;
	sbintime_t sbt, sbtt, prec, tmp;
	time_t over;
	int error;
	bool is_abs_real, precise;

	if (rqt->tv_nsec < 0 || rqt->tv_nsec >= NS_PER_SEC)
		return (EINVAL);
	if ((flags & ~TIMER_ABSTIME) != 0)
		return (EINVAL);
	switch (clock_id) {
	case CLOCK_REALTIME:
		precise = nanosleep_precise;
		is_abs_real = (flags & TIMER_ABSTIME) != 0;
		break;
	case CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE:
		precise = true;
		is_abs_real = (flags & TIMER_ABSTIME) != 0;
		break;
	case CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST:
	case CLOCK_SECOND:
		precise = false;
		is_abs_real = (flags & TIMER_ABSTIME) != 0;
		break;
	case CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
	case CLOCK_UPTIME:
		precise = nanosleep_precise;
		is_abs_real = false;
		break;
	case CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE:
	case CLOCK_UPTIME_PRECISE:
		precise = true;
		is_abs_real = false;
		break;
	case CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST:
	case CLOCK_UPTIME_FAST:
		precise = false;
		is_abs_real = false;
		break;
	case CLOCK_VIRTUAL:
	case CLOCK_PROF:
	case CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID:
		return (ENOTSUP);
	case CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID:
	default:
		return (EINVAL);
	}
	do {
		ts = *rqt;
		if ((flags & TIMER_ABSTIME) != 0) {
			if (is_abs_real)
				td->td_rtcgen =
				    atomic_load_acq_int(&rtc_generation);
			error = kern_clock_gettime(td, clock_id, &now);
			KASSERT(error == 0, ("kern_clock_gettime: %d", error));
			timespecsub(&ts, &now, &ts);
		}
		if (ts.tv_sec < 0 || (ts.tv_sec == 0 && ts.tv_nsec == 0)) {
			error = EWOULDBLOCK;
			break;
		}
		if (ts.tv_sec > INT32_MAX / 2) {
			over = ts.tv_sec - INT32_MAX / 2;
			ts.tv_sec -= over;
		} else
			over = 0;
		tmp = tstosbt(ts);
		if (precise) {
			prec = 0;
			sbt = sbinuptime();
		} else {
			prec = tmp >> tc_precexp;
			if (TIMESEL(&sbt, tmp))
				sbt += tc_tick_sbt;
		}
		sbt += tmp;
		error = tsleep_sbt(&nanowait[curcpu], PWAIT | PCATCH, "nanslp",
		    sbt, prec, C_ABSOLUTE);
	} while (error == 0 && is_abs_real && td->td_rtcgen == 0);
	td->td_rtcgen = 0;
	if (error != EWOULDBLOCK) {
		if (TIMESEL(&sbtt, tmp))
			sbtt += tc_tick_sbt;
		if (sbtt >= sbt)
			return (0);
		if (error == ERESTART)
			error = EINTR;
		if ((flags & TIMER_ABSTIME) == 0 && rmt != NULL) {
			ts = sbttots(sbt - sbtt);
			ts.tv_sec += over;
			if (ts.tv_sec < 0)
				timespecclear(&ts);
			*rmt = ts;
		}
		return (error);
	}
	return (0);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct nanosleep_args {
	struct	timespec *rqtp;
	struct	timespec *rmtp;
};
#endif
/* ARGSUSED */
int
sys_nanosleep(struct thread *td, struct nanosleep_args *uap)
{

	return (user_clock_nanosleep(td, CLOCK_REALTIME, TIMER_RELTIME,
	    uap->rqtp, uap->rmtp));
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct clock_nanosleep_args {
	clockid_t clock_id;
	int 	  flags;
	struct	timespec *rqtp;
	struct	timespec *rmtp;
};
#endif
/* ARGSUSED */
int
sys_clock_nanosleep(struct thread *td, struct clock_nanosleep_args *uap)
{
	int error;

	error = user_clock_nanosleep(td, uap->clock_id, uap->flags, uap->rqtp,
	    uap->rmtp);
	return (kern_posix_error(td, error));
}

static int
user_clock_nanosleep(struct thread *td, clockid_t clock_id, int flags,
    const struct timespec *ua_rqtp, struct timespec *ua_rmtp)
{
	struct timespec rmt, rqt;
	int error, error2;

	error = copyin(ua_rqtp, &rqt, sizeof(rqt));
	if (error)
		return (error);
	error = kern_clock_nanosleep(td, clock_id, flags, &rqt, &rmt);
	if (error == EINTR && ua_rmtp != NULL && (flags & TIMER_ABSTIME) == 0) {
		error2 = copyout(&rmt, ua_rmtp, sizeof(rmt));
		if (error2 != 0)
			error = error2;
	}
	return (error);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct gettimeofday_args {
	struct	timeval *tp;
	struct	timezone *tzp;
};
#endif
/* ARGSUSED */
int
sys_gettimeofday(struct thread *td, struct gettimeofday_args *uap)
{
	struct timeval atv;
	struct timezone rtz;
	int error = 0;

	if (uap->tp) {
		microtime(&atv);
		error = copyout(&atv, uap->tp, sizeof (atv));
	}
	if (error == 0 && uap->tzp != NULL) {
		rtz.tz_minuteswest = 0;
		rtz.tz_dsttime = 0;
		error = copyout(&rtz, uap->tzp, sizeof (rtz));
	}
	return (error);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct settimeofday_args {
	struct	timeval *tv;
	struct	timezone *tzp;
};
#endif
/* ARGSUSED */
int
sys_settimeofday(struct thread *td, struct settimeofday_args *uap)
{
	struct timeval atv, *tvp;
	struct timezone atz, *tzp;
	int error;

	if (uap->tv) {
		error = copyin(uap->tv, &atv, sizeof(atv));
		if (error)
			return (error);
		tvp = &atv;
	} else
		tvp = NULL;
	if (uap->tzp) {
		error = copyin(uap->tzp, &atz, sizeof(atz));
		if (error)
			return (error);
		tzp = &atz;
	} else
		tzp = NULL;
	return (kern_settimeofday(td, tvp, tzp));
}

int
kern_settimeofday(struct thread *td, struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tzp)
{
	int error;

	error = priv_check(td, PRIV_SETTIMEOFDAY);
	if (error)
		return (error);
	/* Verify all parameters before changing time. */
	if (tv) {
		if (tv->tv_usec < 0 || tv->tv_usec >= 1000000 ||
		    tv->tv_sec < 0)
			return (EINVAL);
		error = settime(td, tv);
	}
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Get value of an interval timer.  The process virtual and profiling virtual
 * time timers are kept in the p_stats area, since they can be swapped out.
 * These are kept internally in the way they are specified externally: in
 * time until they expire.
 *
 * The real time interval timer is kept in the process table slot for the
 * process, and its value (it_value) is kept as an absolute time rather than
 * as a delta, so that it is easy to keep periodic real-time signals from
 * drifting.
 *
 * Virtual time timers are processed in the hardclock() routine of
 * kern_clock.c.  The real time timer is processed by a timeout routine,
 * called from the softclock() routine.  Since a callout may be delayed in
 * real time due to interrupt processing in the system, it is possible for
 * the real time timeout routine (realitexpire, given below), to be delayed
 * in real time past when it is supposed to occur.  It does not suffice,
 * therefore, to reload the real timer .it_value from the real time timers
 * .it_interval.  Rather, we compute the next time in absolute time the timer
 * should go off.
 */
#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct getitimer_args {
	u_int	which;
	struct	itimerval *itv;
};
#endif
int
sys_getitimer(struct thread *td, struct getitimer_args *uap)
{
	struct itimerval aitv;
	int error;

	error = kern_getitimer(td, uap->which, &aitv);
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);
	return (copyout(&aitv, uap->itv, sizeof (struct itimerval)));
}

int
kern_getitimer(struct thread *td, u_int which, struct itimerval *aitv)
{
	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
	struct timeval ctv;

	if (which > ITIMER_PROF)
		return (EINVAL);

	if (which == ITIMER_REAL) {
		/*
		 * Convert from absolute to relative time in .it_value
		 * part of real time timer.  If time for real time timer
		 * has passed return 0, else return difference between
		 * current time and time for the timer to go off.
		 */
		PROC_LOCK(p);
		*aitv = p->p_realtimer;
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		if (timevalisset(&aitv->it_value)) {
			microuptime(&ctv);
			if (timevalcmp(&aitv->it_value, &ctv, <))
				timevalclear(&aitv->it_value);
			else
				timevalsub(&aitv->it_value, &ctv);
		}
	} else {
		PROC_ITIMLOCK(p);
		*aitv = p->p_stats->p_timer[which];
		PROC_ITIMUNLOCK(p);
	}
#ifdef KTRACE
	if (KTRPOINT(td, KTR_STRUCT))
		ktritimerval(aitv);
#endif
	return (0);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct setitimer_args {
	u_int	which;
	struct	itimerval *itv, *oitv;
};
#endif
int
sys_setitimer(struct thread *td, struct setitimer_args *uap)
{
	struct itimerval aitv, oitv;
	int error;

	if (uap->itv == NULL) {
		uap->itv = uap->oitv;
		return (sys_getitimer(td, (struct getitimer_args *)uap));
	}

	if ((error = copyin(uap->itv, &aitv, sizeof(struct itimerval))))
		return (error);
	error = kern_setitimer(td, uap->which, &aitv, &oitv);
	if (error != 0 || uap->oitv == NULL)
		return (error);
	return (copyout(&oitv, uap->oitv, sizeof(struct itimerval)));
}

int
kern_setitimer(struct thread *td, u_int which, struct itimerval *aitv,
    struct itimerval *oitv)
{
	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
	struct timeval ctv;
	sbintime_t sbt, pr;

	if (aitv == NULL)
		return (kern_getitimer(td, which, oitv));

	if (which > ITIMER_PROF)
		return (EINVAL);
#ifdef KTRACE
	if (KTRPOINT(td, KTR_STRUCT))
		ktritimerval(aitv);
#endif
	if (itimerfix(&aitv->it_value) ||
	    aitv->it_value.tv_sec > INT32_MAX / 2)
		return (EINVAL);
	if (!timevalisset(&aitv->it_value))
		timevalclear(&aitv->it_interval);
	else if (itimerfix(&aitv->it_interval) ||
	    aitv->it_interval.tv_sec > INT32_MAX / 2)
		return (EINVAL);

	if (which == ITIMER_REAL) {
		PROC_LOCK(p);
		if (timevalisset(&p->p_realtimer.it_value))
			callout_stop(&p->p_itcallout);
		microuptime(&ctv);
		if (timevalisset(&aitv->it_value)) {
			pr = tvtosbt(aitv->it_value) >> tc_precexp;
			timevaladd(&aitv->it_value, &ctv);
			sbt = tvtosbt(aitv->it_value);
			callout_reset_sbt(&p->p_itcallout, sbt, pr,
			    realitexpire, p, C_ABSOLUTE);
		}
		*oitv = p->p_realtimer;
		p->p_realtimer = *aitv;
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		if (timevalisset(&oitv->it_value)) {
			if (timevalcmp(&oitv->it_value, &ctv, <))
				timevalclear(&oitv->it_value);
			else
				timevalsub(&oitv->it_value, &ctv);
		}
	} else {
		if (aitv->it_interval.tv_sec == 0 &&
		    aitv->it_interval.tv_usec != 0 &&
		    aitv->it_interval.tv_usec < tick)
			aitv->it_interval.tv_usec = tick;
		if (aitv->it_value.tv_sec == 0 &&
		    aitv->it_value.tv_usec != 0 &&
		    aitv->it_value.tv_usec < tick)
			aitv->it_value.tv_usec = tick;
		PROC_ITIMLOCK(p);
		*oitv = p->p_stats->p_timer[which];
		p->p_stats->p_timer[which] = *aitv;
		PROC_ITIMUNLOCK(p);
	}
#ifdef KTRACE
	if (KTRPOINT(td, KTR_STRUCT))
		ktritimerval(oitv);
#endif
	return (0);
}

static void
realitexpire_reset_callout(struct proc *p, sbintime_t *isbtp)
{
	sbintime_t prec;

	if ((p->p_flag & P_WEXIT) != 0)
		return;
	prec = isbtp == NULL ? tvtosbt(p->p_realtimer.it_interval) : *isbtp;
	callout_reset_sbt(&p->p_itcallout, tvtosbt(p->p_realtimer.it_value),
	    prec >> tc_precexp, realitexpire, p, C_ABSOLUTE);
}

void
itimer_proc_continue(struct proc *p)
{
	struct timeval ctv;
	struct itimer *it;
	int id;

	PROC_LOCK_ASSERT(p, MA_OWNED);

	if ((p->p_flag2 & P2_ITSTOPPED) != 0) {
		p->p_flag2 &= ~P2_ITSTOPPED;
		microuptime(&ctv);
		if (timevalcmp(&p->p_realtimer.it_value, &ctv, >=))
			realitexpire(p);
		else
			realitexpire_reset_callout(p, NULL);
	}

	if (p->p_itimers != NULL) {
		for (id = 3; id < TIMER_MAX; id++) {
			it = p->p_itimers->its_timers[id];
			if (it == NULL)
				continue;
			if ((it->it_flags & ITF_PSTOPPED) != 0) {
				ITIMER_LOCK(it);
				if ((it->it_flags & ITF_PSTOPPED) != 0) {
					it->it_flags &= ~ITF_PSTOPPED;
					if ((it->it_flags & ITF_DELETING) == 0)
						realtimer_expire_l(it, true);
				}
				ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);
			}
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Real interval timer expired:
 * send process whose timer expired an alarm signal.
 * If time is not set up to reload, then just return.
 * Else compute next time timer should go off which is > current time.
 * This is where delay in processing this timeout causes multiple
 * SIGALRM calls to be compressed into one.
 * tvtohz() always adds 1 to allow for the time until the next clock
 * interrupt being strictly less than 1 clock tick, but we don't want
 * that here since we want to appear to be in sync with the clock
 * interrupt even when we're delayed.
 */
static void
realitexpire(void *arg)
{
	struct proc *p;
	struct timeval ctv;
	sbintime_t isbt;

	p = (struct proc *)arg;
	kern_psignal(p, SIGALRM);
	if (!timevalisset(&p->p_realtimer.it_interval)) {
		timevalclear(&p->p_realtimer.it_value);
		return;
	}

	isbt = tvtosbt(p->p_realtimer.it_interval);
	if (isbt >= sbt_timethreshold)
		getmicrouptime(&ctv);
	else
		microuptime(&ctv);
	do {
		timevaladd(&p->p_realtimer.it_value,
		    &p->p_realtimer.it_interval);
	} while (timevalcmp(&p->p_realtimer.it_value, &ctv, <=));

	if (P_SHOULDSTOP(p) || P_KILLED(p)) {
		p->p_flag2 |= P2_ITSTOPPED;
		return;
	}

	p->p_flag2 &= ~P2_ITSTOPPED;
	realitexpire_reset_callout(p, &isbt);
}

/*
 * Check that a proposed value to load into the .it_value or
 * .it_interval part of an interval timer is acceptable, and
 * fix it to have at least minimal value (i.e. if it is less
 * than the resolution of the clock, round it up.)
 */
int
itimerfix(struct timeval *tv)
{

	if (tv->tv_sec < 0 || tv->tv_usec < 0 || tv->tv_usec >= 1000000)
		return (EINVAL);
	if (tv->tv_sec == 0 && tv->tv_usec != 0 &&
	    tv->tv_usec < (u_int)tick / 16)
		tv->tv_usec = (u_int)tick / 16;
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Decrement an interval timer by a specified number
 * of microseconds, which must be less than a second,
 * i.e. < 1000000.  If the timer expires, then reload
 * it.  In this case, carry over (usec - old value) to
 * reduce the value reloaded into the timer so that
 * the timer does not drift.  This routine assumes
 * that it is called in a context where the timers
 * on which it is operating cannot change in value.
 */
int
itimerdecr(struct itimerval *itp, int usec)
{

	if (itp->it_value.tv_usec < usec) {
		if (itp->it_value.tv_sec == 0) {
			/* expired, and already in next interval */
			usec -= itp->it_value.tv_usec;
			goto expire;
		}
		itp->it_value.tv_usec += 1000000;
		itp->it_value.tv_sec--;
	}
	itp->it_value.tv_usec -= usec;
	usec = 0;
	if (timevalisset(&itp->it_value))
		return (1);
	/* expired, exactly at end of interval */
expire:
	if (timevalisset(&itp->it_interval)) {
		itp->it_value = itp->it_interval;
		itp->it_value.tv_usec -= usec;
		if (itp->it_value.tv_usec < 0) {
			itp->it_value.tv_usec += 1000000;
			itp->it_value.tv_sec--;
		}
	} else
		itp->it_value.tv_usec = 0;		/* sec is already 0 */
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Add and subtract routines for timevals.
 * N.B.: subtract routine doesn't deal with
 * results which are before the beginning,
 * it just gets very confused in this case.
 * Caveat emptor.
 */
void
timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, const struct timeval *t2)
{

	t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec;
	t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec;
	timevalfix(t1);
}

void
timevalsub(struct timeval *t1, const struct timeval *t2)
{

	t1->tv_sec -= t2->tv_sec;
	t1->tv_usec -= t2->tv_usec;
	timevalfix(t1);
}

static void
timevalfix(struct timeval *t1)
{

	if (t1->tv_usec < 0) {
		t1->tv_sec--;
		t1->tv_usec += 1000000;
	}
	if (t1->tv_usec >= 1000000) {
		t1->tv_sec++;
		t1->tv_usec -= 1000000;
	}
}

/*
 * ratecheck(): simple time-based rate-limit checking.
 */
int
ratecheck(struct timeval *lasttime, const struct timeval *mininterval)
{
	struct timeval tv, delta;
	int rv = 0;

	getmicrouptime(&tv);		/* NB: 10ms precision */
	delta = tv;
	timevalsub(&delta, lasttime);

	/*
	 * check for 0,0 is so that the message will be seen at least once,
	 * even if interval is huge.
	 */
	if (timevalcmp(&delta, mininterval, >=) ||
	    (lasttime->tv_sec == 0 && lasttime->tv_usec == 0)) {
		*lasttime = tv;
		rv = 1;
	}

	return (rv);
}

/*
 * eventratecheck(): events per second limitation.
 *
 * Return 0 if the limit is to be enforced (e.g. the caller
 * should ignore the event because of the rate limitation).
 *
 * maxeps of 0 always causes zero to be returned.  maxeps of -1
 * always causes 1 to be returned; this effectively defeats rate
 * limiting.
 *
 * Note that we maintain the struct timeval for compatibility
 * with other bsd systems.  We reuse the storage and just monitor
 * clock ticks for minimal overhead.
 */
int
eventratecheck(struct timeval *lasttime, int *cureps, int maxeps)
{
	int now;

	/*
	 * Reset the last time and counter if this is the first call
	 * or more than a second has passed since the last update of
	 * lasttime.
	 */
	now = ticks;
	if (lasttime->tv_sec == 0 || (u_int)(now - lasttime->tv_sec) >= hz) {
		lasttime->tv_sec = now;
		*cureps = 1;
		return (maxeps != 0);
	} else {
		(*cureps)++;		/* NB: ignore potential overflow */
		return (maxeps < 0 || *cureps <= maxeps);
	}
}

static void
itimer_start(void)
{
	static const struct kclock rt_clock = {
		.timer_create  = realtimer_create,
		.timer_delete  = realtimer_delete,
		.timer_settime = realtimer_settime,
		.timer_gettime = realtimer_gettime,
	};

	itimer_zone = uma_zcreate("itimer", sizeof(struct itimer),
		NULL, NULL, itimer_init, itimer_fini, UMA_ALIGN_PTR, 0);
	register_posix_clock(CLOCK_REALTIME,  &rt_clock);
	register_posix_clock(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &rt_clock);
	p31b_setcfg(CTL_P1003_1B_TIMERS, 200112L);
	p31b_setcfg(CTL_P1003_1B_DELAYTIMER_MAX, INT_MAX);
	p31b_setcfg(CTL_P1003_1B_TIMER_MAX, TIMER_MAX);
}

static int
register_posix_clock(int clockid, const struct kclock *clk)
{
	if ((unsigned)clockid >= MAX_CLOCKS) {
		printf("%s: invalid clockid\n", __func__);
		return (0);
	}
	posix_clocks[clockid] = *clk;
	return (1);
}

static int
itimer_init(void *mem, int size, int flags)
{
	struct itimer *it;

	it = (struct itimer *)mem;
	mtx_init(&it->it_mtx, "itimer lock", NULL, MTX_DEF);
	return (0);
}

static void
itimer_fini(void *mem, int size)
{
	struct itimer *it;

	it = (struct itimer *)mem;
	mtx_destroy(&it->it_mtx);
}

static void
itimer_enter(struct itimer *it)
{

	mtx_assert(&it->it_mtx, MA_OWNED);
	it->it_usecount++;
}

static void
itimer_leave(struct itimer *it)
{

	mtx_assert(&it->it_mtx, MA_OWNED);
	KASSERT(it->it_usecount > 0, ("invalid it_usecount"));

	if (--it->it_usecount == 0 && (it->it_flags & ITF_WANTED) != 0)
		wakeup(it);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct ktimer_create_args {
	clockid_t clock_id;
	struct sigevent * evp;
	int * timerid;
};
#endif
int
sys_ktimer_create(struct thread *td, struct ktimer_create_args *uap)
{
	struct sigevent *evp, ev;
	int id;
	int error;

	if (uap->evp == NULL) {
		evp = NULL;
	} else {
		error = copyin(uap->evp, &ev, sizeof(ev));
		if (error != 0)
			return (error);
		evp = &ev;
	}
	error = kern_ktimer_create(td, uap->clock_id, evp, &id, -1);
	if (error == 0) {
		error = copyout(&id, uap->timerid, sizeof(int));
		if (error != 0)
			kern_ktimer_delete(td, id);
	}
	return (error);
}

int
kern_ktimer_create(struct thread *td, clockid_t clock_id, struct sigevent *evp,
    int *timerid, int preset_id)
{
	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
	struct itimer *it;
	int id;
	int error;

	if (clock_id < 0 || clock_id >= MAX_CLOCKS)
		return (EINVAL);

	if (posix_clocks[clock_id].timer_create == NULL)
		return (EINVAL);

	if (evp != NULL) {
		if (evp->sigev_notify != SIGEV_NONE &&
		    evp->sigev_notify != SIGEV_SIGNAL &&
		    evp->sigev_notify != SIGEV_THREAD_ID)
			return (EINVAL);
		if ((evp->sigev_notify == SIGEV_SIGNAL ||
		     evp->sigev_notify == SIGEV_THREAD_ID) &&
			!_SIG_VALID(evp->sigev_signo))
			return (EINVAL);
	}

	if (p->p_itimers == NULL)
		itimers_alloc(p);

	it = uma_zalloc(itimer_zone, M_WAITOK);
	it->it_flags = 0;
	it->it_usecount = 0;
	timespecclear(&it->it_time.it_value);
	timespecclear(&it->it_time.it_interval);
	it->it_overrun = 0;
	it->it_overrun_last = 0;
	it->it_clockid = clock_id;
	it->it_proc = p;
	ksiginfo_init(&it->it_ksi);
	it->it_ksi.ksi_flags |= KSI_INS | KSI_EXT;
	error = CLOCK_CALL(clock_id, timer_create, (it));
	if (error != 0)
		goto out;

	PROC_LOCK(p);
	if (preset_id != -1) {
		KASSERT(preset_id >= 0 && preset_id < 3, ("invalid preset_id"));
		id = preset_id;
		if (p->p_itimers->its_timers[id] != NULL) {
			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
			error = 0;
			goto out;
		}
	} else {
		/*
		 * Find a free timer slot, skipping those reserved
		 * for setitimer().
		 */
		for (id = 3; id < TIMER_MAX; id++)
			if (p->p_itimers->its_timers[id] == NULL)
				break;
		if (id == TIMER_MAX) {
			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
			error = EAGAIN;
			goto out;
		}
	}
	p->p_itimers->its_timers[id] = it;
	if (evp != NULL)
		it->it_sigev = *evp;
	else {
		it->it_sigev.sigev_notify = SIGEV_SIGNAL;
		switch (clock_id) {
		default:
		case CLOCK_REALTIME:
			it->it_sigev.sigev_signo = SIGALRM;
			break;
		case CLOCK_VIRTUAL:
 			it->it_sigev.sigev_signo = SIGVTALRM;
			break;
		case CLOCK_PROF:
			it->it_sigev.sigev_signo = SIGPROF;
			break;
		}
		it->it_sigev.sigev_value.sival_int = id;
	}

	if (it->it_sigev.sigev_notify == SIGEV_SIGNAL ||
	    it->it_sigev.sigev_notify == SIGEV_THREAD_ID) {
		it->it_ksi.ksi_signo = it->it_sigev.sigev_signo;
		it->it_ksi.ksi_code = SI_TIMER;
		it->it_ksi.ksi_value = it->it_sigev.sigev_value;
		it->it_ksi.ksi_timerid = id;
	}
	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
	*timerid = id;
	return (0);

out:
	ITIMER_LOCK(it);
	CLOCK_CALL(it->it_clockid, timer_delete, (it));
	ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);
	uma_zfree(itimer_zone, it);
	return (error);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct ktimer_delete_args {
	int timerid;
};
#endif
int
sys_ktimer_delete(struct thread *td, struct ktimer_delete_args *uap)
{

	return (kern_ktimer_delete(td, uap->timerid));
}

static struct itimer *
itimer_find(struct proc *p, int timerid)
{
	struct itimer *it;

	PROC_LOCK_ASSERT(p, MA_OWNED);
	if ((p->p_itimers == NULL) ||
	    (timerid < 0) || (timerid >= TIMER_MAX) ||
	    (it = p->p_itimers->its_timers[timerid]) == NULL) {
		return (NULL);
	}
	ITIMER_LOCK(it);
	if ((it->it_flags & ITF_DELETING) != 0) {
		ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);
		it = NULL;
	}
	return (it);
}

int
kern_ktimer_delete(struct thread *td, int timerid)
{
	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
	struct itimer *it;

	PROC_LOCK(p);
	it = itimer_find(p, timerid);
	if (it == NULL) {
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		return (EINVAL);
	}
	PROC_UNLOCK(p);

	it->it_flags |= ITF_DELETING;
	while (it->it_usecount > 0) {
		it->it_flags |= ITF_WANTED;
		msleep(it, &it->it_mtx, PPAUSE, "itimer", 0);
	}
	it->it_flags &= ~ITF_WANTED;
	CLOCK_CALL(it->it_clockid, timer_delete, (it));
	ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);

	PROC_LOCK(p);
	if (KSI_ONQ(&it->it_ksi))
		sigqueue_take(&it->it_ksi);
	p->p_itimers->its_timers[timerid] = NULL;
	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
	uma_zfree(itimer_zone, it);
	return (0);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct ktimer_settime_args {
	int timerid;
	int flags;
	const struct itimerspec * value;
	struct itimerspec * ovalue;
};
#endif
int
sys_ktimer_settime(struct thread *td, struct ktimer_settime_args *uap)
{
	struct itimerspec val, oval, *ovalp;
	int error;

	error = copyin(uap->value, &val, sizeof(val));
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);
	ovalp = uap->ovalue != NULL ? &oval : NULL;
	error = kern_ktimer_settime(td, uap->timerid, uap->flags, &val, ovalp);
	if (error == 0 && uap->ovalue != NULL)
		error = copyout(ovalp, uap->ovalue, sizeof(*ovalp));
	return (error);
}

int
kern_ktimer_settime(struct thread *td, int timer_id, int flags,
    struct itimerspec *val, struct itimerspec *oval)
{
	struct proc *p;
	struct itimer *it;
	int error;

	p = td->td_proc;
	PROC_LOCK(p);
	if (timer_id < 3 || (it = itimer_find(p, timer_id)) == NULL) {
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		error = EINVAL;
	} else {
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		itimer_enter(it);
		error = CLOCK_CALL(it->it_clockid, timer_settime, (it,
		    flags, val, oval));
		itimer_leave(it);
		ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);
	}
	return (error);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct ktimer_gettime_args {
	int timerid;
	struct itimerspec * value;
};
#endif
int
sys_ktimer_gettime(struct thread *td, struct ktimer_gettime_args *uap)
{
	struct itimerspec val;
	int error;

	error = kern_ktimer_gettime(td, uap->timerid, &val);
	if (error == 0)
		error = copyout(&val, uap->value, sizeof(val));
	return (error);
}

int
kern_ktimer_gettime(struct thread *td, int timer_id, struct itimerspec *val)
{
	struct proc *p;
	struct itimer *it;
	int error;

	p = td->td_proc;
	PROC_LOCK(p);
	if (timer_id < 3 || (it = itimer_find(p, timer_id)) == NULL) {
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		error = EINVAL;
	} else {
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		itimer_enter(it);
		error = CLOCK_CALL(it->it_clockid, timer_gettime, (it, val));
		itimer_leave(it);
		ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);
	}
	return (error);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct timer_getoverrun_args {
	int timerid;
};
#endif
int
sys_ktimer_getoverrun(struct thread *td, struct ktimer_getoverrun_args *uap)
{

	return (kern_ktimer_getoverrun(td, uap->timerid));
}

int
kern_ktimer_getoverrun(struct thread *td, int timer_id)
{
	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
	struct itimer *it;
	int error ;

	PROC_LOCK(p);
	if (timer_id < 3 ||
	    (it = itimer_find(p, timer_id)) == NULL) {
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		error = EINVAL;
	} else {
		td->td_retval[0] = it->it_overrun_last;
		ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		error = 0;
	}
	return (error);
}

static int
realtimer_create(struct itimer *it)
{
	callout_init_mtx(&it->it_callout, &it->it_mtx, 0);
	return (0);
}

static int
realtimer_delete(struct itimer *it)
{
	mtx_assert(&it->it_mtx, MA_OWNED);

	/*
	 * clear timer's value and interval to tell realtimer_expire
	 * to not rearm the timer.
	 */
	timespecclear(&it->it_time.it_value);
	timespecclear(&it->it_time.it_interval);
	ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);
	callout_drain(&it->it_callout);
	ITIMER_LOCK(it);
	return (0);
}

static int
realtimer_gettime(struct itimer *it, struct itimerspec *ovalue)
{
	struct timespec cts;

	mtx_assert(&it->it_mtx, MA_OWNED);

	realtimer_clocktime(it->it_clockid, &cts);
	*ovalue = it->it_time;
	if (ovalue->it_value.tv_sec != 0 || ovalue->it_value.tv_nsec != 0) {
		timespecsub(&ovalue->it_value, &cts, &ovalue->it_value);
		if (ovalue->it_value.tv_sec < 0 ||
		    (ovalue->it_value.tv_sec == 0 &&
		     ovalue->it_value.tv_nsec == 0)) {
			ovalue->it_value.tv_sec  = 0;
			ovalue->it_value.tv_nsec = 1;
		}
	}
	return (0);
}

static int
realtimer_settime(struct itimer *it, int flags, struct itimerspec *value,
    struct itimerspec *ovalue)
{
	struct timespec cts, ts;
	struct timeval tv;
	struct itimerspec val;

	mtx_assert(&it->it_mtx, MA_OWNED);

	val = *value;
	if (itimespecfix(&val.it_value))
		return (EINVAL);

	if (timespecisset(&val.it_value)) {
		if (itimespecfix(&val.it_interval))
			return (EINVAL);
	} else {
		timespecclear(&val.it_interval);
	}

	if (ovalue != NULL)
		realtimer_gettime(it, ovalue);

	it->it_time = val;
	if (timespecisset(&val.it_value)) {
		realtimer_clocktime(it->it_clockid, &cts);
		ts = val.it_value;
		if ((flags & TIMER_ABSTIME) == 0) {
			/* Convert to absolute time. */
			timespecadd(&it->it_time.it_value, &cts,
			    &it->it_time.it_value);
		} else {
			timespecsub(&ts, &cts, &ts);
			/*
			 * We don't care if ts is negative, tztohz will
			 * fix it.
			 */
		}
		TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, &ts);
		callout_reset(&it->it_callout, tvtohz(&tv), realtimer_expire,
		    it);
	} else {
		callout_stop(&it->it_callout);
	}

	return (0);
}

static void
realtimer_clocktime(clockid_t id, struct timespec *ts)
{
	if (id == CLOCK_REALTIME)
		getnanotime(ts);
	else	/* CLOCK_MONOTONIC */
		getnanouptime(ts);
}

int
itimer_accept(struct proc *p, int timerid, ksiginfo_t *ksi)
{
	struct itimer *it;

	PROC_LOCK_ASSERT(p, MA_OWNED);
	it = itimer_find(p, timerid);
	if (it != NULL) {
		ksi->ksi_overrun = it->it_overrun;
		it->it_overrun_last = it->it_overrun;
		it->it_overrun = 0;
		ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);
		return (0);
	}
	return (EINVAL);
}

static int
itimespecfix(struct timespec *ts)
{

	if (!timespecvalid_interval(ts))
		return (EINVAL);
	if ((UINT64_MAX - ts->tv_nsec) / NS_PER_SEC < ts->tv_sec)
		return (EINVAL);
	if (ts->tv_sec == 0 && ts->tv_nsec != 0 && ts->tv_nsec < tick * 1000)
		ts->tv_nsec = tick * 1000;
	return (0);
}

#define	timespectons(tsp)			\
	((uint64_t)(tsp)->tv_sec * NS_PER_SEC + (tsp)->tv_nsec)
#define	timespecfromns(ns) (struct timespec){	\
	.tv_sec = (ns) / NS_PER_SEC,		\
	.tv_nsec = (ns) % NS_PER_SEC		\
}

static void
realtimer_expire_l(struct itimer *it, bool proc_locked)
{
	struct timespec cts, ts;
	struct timeval tv;
	struct proc *p;
	uint64_t interval, now, overruns, value;

	realtimer_clocktime(it->it_clockid, &cts);
	/* Only fire if time is reached. */
	if (timespeccmp(&cts, &it->it_time.it_value, >=)) {
		if (timespecisset(&it->it_time.it_interval)) {
			timespecadd(&it->it_time.it_value,
			    &it->it_time.it_interval,
			    &it->it_time.it_value);

			interval = timespectons(&it->it_time.it_interval);
			value = timespectons(&it->it_time.it_value);
			now = timespectons(&cts);

			if (now >= value) {
				/*
				 * We missed at least one period.
				 */
				overruns = howmany(now - value + 1, interval);
				if (it->it_overrun + overruns >=
				    it->it_overrun &&
				    it->it_overrun + overruns <= INT_MAX) {
					it->it_overrun += (int)overruns;
				} else {
					it->it_overrun = INT_MAX;
					it->it_ksi.ksi_errno = ERANGE;
				}
				value =
				    now + interval - (now - value) % interval;
				it->it_time.it_value = timespecfromns(value);
			}
		} else {
			/* single shot timer ? */
			timespecclear(&it->it_time.it_value);
		}

		p = it->it_proc;
		if (timespecisset(&it->it_time.it_value)) {
			if (P_SHOULDSTOP(p) || P_KILLED(p)) {
				it->it_flags |= ITF_PSTOPPED;
			} else {
				timespecsub(&it->it_time.it_value, &cts, &ts);
				TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, &ts);
				callout_reset(&it->it_callout, tvtohz(&tv),
				    realtimer_expire, it);
			}
		}

		itimer_enter(it);
		ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);
		if (proc_locked)
			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		itimer_fire(it);
		if (proc_locked)
			PROC_LOCK(p);
		ITIMER_LOCK(it);
		itimer_leave(it);
	} else if (timespecisset(&it->it_time.it_value)) {
		p = it->it_proc;
		if (P_SHOULDSTOP(p) || P_KILLED(p)) {
			it->it_flags |= ITF_PSTOPPED;
		} else {
			ts = it->it_time.it_value;
			timespecsub(&ts, &cts, &ts);
			TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, &ts);
			callout_reset(&it->it_callout, tvtohz(&tv),
			    realtimer_expire, it);
		}
	}
}

/* Timeout callback for realtime timer */
static void
realtimer_expire(void *arg)
{
	realtimer_expire_l(arg, false);
}

static void
itimer_fire(struct itimer *it)
{
	struct proc *p = it->it_proc;
	struct thread *td;

	if (it->it_sigev.sigev_notify == SIGEV_SIGNAL ||
	    it->it_sigev.sigev_notify == SIGEV_THREAD_ID) {
		if (sigev_findtd(p, &it->it_sigev, &td) != 0) {
			ITIMER_LOCK(it);
			timespecclear(&it->it_time.it_value);
			timespecclear(&it->it_time.it_interval);
			callout_stop(&it->it_callout);
			ITIMER_UNLOCK(it);
			return;
		}
		if (!KSI_ONQ(&it->it_ksi)) {
			it->it_ksi.ksi_errno = 0;
			ksiginfo_set_sigev(&it->it_ksi, &it->it_sigev);
			tdsendsignal(p, td, it->it_ksi.ksi_signo, &it->it_ksi);
		} else {
			if (it->it_overrun < INT_MAX)
				it->it_overrun++;
			else
				it->it_ksi.ksi_errno = ERANGE;
		}
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
	}
}

static void
itimers_alloc(struct proc *p)
{
	struct itimers *its;

	its = malloc(sizeof (struct itimers), M_SUBPROC, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	PROC_LOCK(p);
	if (p->p_itimers == NULL) {
		p->p_itimers = its;
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
	}
	else {
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		free(its, M_SUBPROC);
	}
}

/* Clean up timers when some process events are being triggered. */
static void
itimers_event_exit_exec(int start_idx, struct proc *p)
{
	struct itimers *its;
	struct itimer *it;
	int i;

	its = p->p_itimers;
	if (its == NULL)
		return;

	for (i = start_idx; i < TIMER_MAX; ++i) {
		if ((it = its->its_timers[i]) != NULL)
			kern_ktimer_delete(curthread, i);
	}
	if (its->its_timers[0] == NULL && its->its_timers[1] == NULL &&
	    its->its_timers[2] == NULL) {
		/* Synchronize with itimer_proc_continue(). */
		PROC_LOCK(p);
		p->p_itimers = NULL;
		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		free(its, M_SUBPROC);
	}
}

void
itimers_exec(struct proc *p)
{
	/*
	 * According to susv3, XSI interval timers should be inherited
	 * by new image.
	 */
	itimers_event_exit_exec(3, p);
}

void
itimers_exit(struct proc *p)
{
	itimers_event_exit_exec(0, p);
}