1<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 2<!-- X-URL: http://www.ramsch.org/martin/uni/fmi-hp/iso8859-1.html --> 3<!-- Date: Tue, 28 Dec 2004 20:24:09 GMT --> 4<!-- Last-Modified: Mon, 15 May 2000 09:37:37 GMT --> 5<HTML> 6<HEAD> 7<TITLE>Martin Ramsch - iso8859-1 table</TITLE> 8<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> 9<BASE HREF="http://www.ramsch.org/martin/uni/fmi-hp/iso8859-1.html"> 10</HEAD> 11 12<BODY> 13 14<H1 ALIGN=center>iso8859-1 table</H1> 15 16<PRE> 17Description Code Entity name 18=================================== ============ ============== 19quotation mark &#34; --> " &quot; --> " 20ampersand &#38; --> & &amp; --> & 21less-than sign &#60; --> < &lt; --> < 22greater-than sign &#62; --> > &gt; --> > 23 24Description Char Code Entity name 25=================================== ==== ============ ============== 26non-breaking space � &#160; -->   &nbsp; --> 27inverted exclamation � &#161; --> ¡ &iexcl; --> ¡ 28cent sign � &#162; --> ¢ &cent; --> ¢ 29pound sterling � &#163; --> £ &pound; --> £ 30general currency sign � &#164; --> ¤ &curren; --> ¤ 31yen sign � &#165; --> ¥ &yen; --> ¥ 32broken vertical bar � &#166; --> ¦ &brvbar; --> ¦ 33 Non-standard &brkbar; --> &brkbar; 34section sign � &#167; --> § &sect; --> § 35umlaut (dieresis) � &#168; --> ¨ &uml; --> ¨ 36 Non-standard &die; --> ¨ 37copyright � &#169; --> © &copy; --> © 38feminine ordinal � &#170; --> ª &ordf; --> ª 39left angle quote, guillemotleft � &#171; --> « &laquo; --> « 40not sign � &#172; --> ¬ &not; --> ¬ 41soft hyphen � &#173; --> ­ &shy; --> ­ 42registered trademark � &#174; --> ® &reg; --> ® 43macron accent � &#175; --> ¯ &macr; --> ¯ 44 Non-standard &hibar; --> &hibar; 45degree sign � &#176; --> ° &deg; --> ° 46plus or minus � &#177; --> ± &plusmn; --> ± 47superscript two � &#178; --> ² &sup2; --> ² 48superscript three � &#179; --> ³ &sup3; --> ³ 49acute accent � &#180; --> ´ &acute; --> ´ 50micro sign � &#181; --> µ &micro; --> µ 51paragraph sign � &#182; --> ¶ &para; --> ¶ 52middle dot � &#183; --> · &middot; --> · 53cedilla � &#184; --> ¸ &cedil; --> ¸ 54superscript one � &#185; --> ¹ &sup1; --> ¹ 55masculine ordinal � &#186; --> º &ordm; --> º 56right angle quote, guillemotright � &#187; --> » &raquo; --> » 57fraction one-fourth � &#188; --> ¼ &frac14; --> ¼ 58fraction one-half � &#189; --> ½ &frac12; --> ½ 59fraction three-fourths � &#190; --> ¾ &frac34; --> ¾ 60inverted question mark � &#191; --> ¿ &iquest; --> ¿ 61capital A, grave accent � &#192; --> À &Agrave; --> À 62capital A, acute accent � &#193; --> Á &Aacute; --> Á 63capital A, circumflex accent � &#194; --> Â &Acirc; --> Â 64capital A, tilde � &#195; --> Ã &Atilde; --> Ã 65capital A, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#196; --> Ä &Auml; --> Ä 66capital A, ring � &#197; --> Å &Aring; --> Å 67capital AE diphthong (ligature) � &#198; --> Æ &AElig; --> Æ 68capital C, cedilla � &#199; --> Ç &Ccedil; --> Ç 69capital E, grave accent � &#200; --> È &Egrave; --> È 70capital E, acute accent � &#201; --> É &Eacute; --> É 71capital E, circumflex accent � &#202; --> Ê &Ecirc; --> Ê 72capital E, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#203; --> Ë &Euml; --> Ë 73capital I, grave accent � &#204; --> Ì &Igrave; --> Ì 74capital I, acute accent � &#205; --> Í &Iacute; --> Í 75capital I, circumflex accent � &#206; --> Î &Icirc; --> Î 76capital I, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#207; --> Ï &Iuml; --> Ï 77capital Eth, Icelandic � &#208; --> Ð &ETH; --> Ð 78 Non-standard &Dstrok; --> Đ 79capital N, tilde � &#209; --> Ñ &Ntilde; --> Ñ 80capital O, grave accent � &#210; --> Ò &Ograve; --> Ò 81capital O, acute accent � &#211; --> Ó &Oacute; --> Ó 82capital O, circumflex accent � &#212; --> Ô &Ocirc; --> Ô 83capital O, tilde � &#213; --> Õ &Otilde; --> Õ 84capital O, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#214; --> Ö &Ouml; --> Ö 85multiply sign � &#215; --> × &times; --> × 86capital O, slash � &#216; --> Ø &Oslash; --> Ø 87capital U, grave accent � &#217; --> Ù &Ugrave; --> Ù 88capital U, acute accent � &#218; --> Ú &Uacute; --> Ú 89capital U, circumflex accent � &#219; --> Û &Ucirc; --> Û 90capital U, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#220; --> Ü &Uuml; --> Ü 91capital Y, acute accent � &#221; --> Ý &Yacute; --> Ý 92capital THORN, Icelandic � &#222; --> Þ &THORN; --> Þ 93small sharp s, German (sz ligature) � &#223; --> ß &szlig; --> ß 94small a, grave accent � &#224; --> à &agrave; --> à 95small a, acute accent � &#225; --> á &aacute; --> á 96small a, circumflex accent � &#226; --> â &acirc; --> â 97small a, tilde � &#227; --> ã &atilde; --> ã 98small a, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#228; --> ä &auml; --> ä 99small a, ring � &#229; --> å &aring; --> å 100small ae diphthong (ligature) � &#230; --> æ &aelig; --> æ 101small c, cedilla � &#231; --> ç &ccedil; --> ç 102small e, grave accent � &#232; --> è &egrave; --> è 103small e, acute accent � &#233; --> é &eacute; --> é 104small e, circumflex accent � &#234; --> ê &ecirc; --> ê 105small e, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#235; --> ë &euml; --> ë 106small i, grave accent � &#236; --> ì &igrave; --> ì 107small i, acute accent � &#237; --> í &iacute; --> í 108small i, circumflex accent � &#238; --> î &icirc; --> î 109small i, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#239; --> ï &iuml; --> ï 110small eth, Icelandic � &#240; --> ð &eth; --> ð 111small n, tilde � &#241; --> ñ &ntilde; --> ñ 112small o, grave accent � &#242; --> ò &ograve; --> ò 113small o, acute accent � &#243; --> ó &oacute; --> ó 114small o, circumflex accent � &#244; --> ô &ocirc; --> ô 115small o, tilde � &#245; --> õ &otilde; --> õ 116small o, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#246; --> ö &ouml; --> ö 117division sign � &#247; --> ÷ &divide; --> ÷ 118small o, slash � &#248; --> ø &oslash; --> ø 119small u, grave accent � &#249; --> ù &ugrave; --> ù 120small u, acute accent � &#250; --> ú &uacute; --> ú 121small u, circumflex accent � &#251; --> û &ucirc; --> û 122small u, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#252; --> ü &uuml; --> ü 123small y, acute accent � &#253; --> ý &yacute; --> ý 124small thorn, Icelandic � &#254; --> þ &thorn; --> þ 125small y, dieresis or umlaut mark � &#255; --> ÿ &yuml; --> ÿ 126</PRE> 127<!-- removed: second /PRE, a hack for HotJava 1.0 preBeta 1 --> 128<HR> 129 130<STRONG>How to read</STRONG> this table. The columns are 131<DL COMPACT> 132<DT>1st:<DD>textual <EM>description</EM> of the character 133<DT>2nd:<DD>character inserted directly into the HTML page as <EM>one 134 byte</EM> 135<DT>3rd:<DD>character written as <EM>numeric HTML entity</EM>, in the 136 format:<BR>"how it looks literally" <CODE>--></CODE> 137 "what your browser does with it" 138<DT>4th:<DD>character written as <EM>symbolic HTML entity</EM>, in the 139 format:<BR>"how it looks literally" <CODE>--></CODE> 140 "what your browser does with it" 141</DL> 142 143So for example, if you see something like "<CODE>&divide; --> 144&divide;</CODE>" in the 4th column, this means your browser 145doesn't know about the entity name "divide" and just puts it 146literally. 147 148<P> 149<STRONG>This table</STRONG> grew out of an overview of the "ISO 150Latin-1 Character Set" overview related to the Hyper-G Text Format 151(<A HREF="http://www.hyperwave.de/HTFdoc">HTF</A>). 152 153The entity names <CODE>&brkbar;</CODE> and <CODE>&Dstrok;</CODE> 154seem to be unique to HTF. 155 156The entity name <CODE>&hibar;</CODE> has been supported by X Mosaic 157but seems to be replaced with <CODE>&macr;</CODE>. 158 159The entity names <CODE>&uml;</CODE> and <CODE>&die;</CODE> should 160be equivalent. 161 162<P><STRONG>The standards stuff:</STRONG> 163The 164<A HREF="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/html-spec/">HTML 2.0 Standard</A> 165includes a section on 166<A HREF="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/html-spec/html-spec_9.html#SEC99">Character Entity Sets</A> 167and an overview on the 168<A HREF="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/html-spec/html-spec_13.html#SEC106">HTML Coded Character Set</A> 169(The entity names are derived from <A HREF="http://www.ucc.ie/info/net/isolat1.html">ISO 8879</A>). 170<BR> 171 172Or have a look at the 173<A HREF="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/html3/latin1.html">Latin-1 Character Entities</A> 174as listed in an draft for the 175<A HREF="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/html3/CoverPage.html">HTML 3.0 specification</A>. 176<BR> 177 178The 179<A HREF="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/HTMLPlus/htmlplus_59.html">Appendix II</A> 180of CERN's 181<A HREF="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/HTMLPlus/htmlplus_1.html">HTML+ Discussion Document</A> 182contains a 183<A HREF="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/HTMLPlus/htmlplus_table.ps">table</A> 184(in PostScript format) of the proposed character entities for HTML+ and their 185corresponding character codes for Unicode and the Adobe Latin-1 & Symbol 186character sets. 187<P> 188 189<STRONG>Please note</STRONG> that there is nothing wrong with using 190characters of ISO Latin-1 above 127: the normal transmission protocol 191for the WWW, 192<A HREF="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/Protocols/rfc1945/rfc1945">HTTP/1.0</A>, 193uses the 8bit ISO latin-1 as default encoding. 194(Thanks to Roman 195Czyborra for pointing this out!) 196<P> 197 198<STRONG>Other information:</STRONG> 199<UL> 200 201<LI><STRONG>Kevin J. Brewer</STRONG> has done two very good pages on the subject: 202 <UL> 203 <LI><A HREF="http://www.bbsinc.com/iso8859.html">ASCII - ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) with HTML 3.0 Entities Table</A> and 204 <LI><A HREF="http://www.bbsinc.com/iso8879.html">ISO 8879 Entities Gopher Menu</A> 205 </UL> 206 207<LI>The excellent overview on the series of 208 <A HREF="http://czyborra.com/charsets/iso8859.html">ISO 8859 209 character sets</A> compiled by Roman Czyborra. 210 211<LI>Also have a look on Alan Flavell's page of 212 <A HREF="http://ppewww.ph.gla.ac.uk/%7Eflavell/iso8859/iso8859-pointers.html">pointers 213 to information about ISO8859</A>. It's written very well! 214 215<LI>Maybe also of interest to you is the 216 <A HREF="ftp://ftp.vlsivie.tuwien.ac.at/pub/8bit/FAQ-ISO-8859-1">ISO 217 8859-1 FAQ</A> by Michael Gschwind 218 (<A HREF="mailto:mike@vlsivie.tuwien.ac.at">mike@vlsivie.tuwien.ac.at</A>), 219 part of his page on 220 <A HREF="http://www.vlsivie.tuwien.ac.at/mike/i18n.html">Internationalization</A>. 221 222<LI>For users of X11R5 on SunOS systems: the 223 <A HREF="Compose.txt">table over the compose combinations</A> 224 (also coded <A HREF="Compose.html">with entities</A> where possible). 225 It's taken from the MIT X sources in 226 <CODE>server/ddx/sun/Compose.list</CODE>. 227 228<LI>Finally you could have a look at 229 <A HREF="ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1345.txt">RFC 1345: 230 Character Mnemonics & Character Sets</A> 231 by K. Simonsen (06/11/92, 103 pages, approx. 240 kbyte). 232 233</UL> 234 235 236<HR> 237 238<ADDRESS><A HREF="http://ramsch.home.pages.de/">Martin Ramsch</A>, 16.02.1994, 07.01.1996, 01.07.1996, 1998-10-09, 2000-05-15</ADDRESS> 239 240</BODY> 241</HTML> 242