1 /*        $NetBSD: screen.c,v 1.7 2003/10/13 14:34:25 agc Exp $       */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1988 Mark Nudelman
5  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993
6  *        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 #ifndef lint
35 #if 0
36 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)screen.c    8.2 (Berkeley) 4/20/94";
37 #else
38 __RCSID("$NetBSD: screen.c,v 1.7 2003/10/13 14:34:25 agc Exp $");
39 #endif
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 /*
43  * Routines which deal with the characteristics of the terminal.
44  * Uses termcap to be as terminal-independent as possible.
45  *
46  * {{ Someday this should be rewritten to use curses. }}
47  */
48 
49 #include <stdio.h>
50 #include <string.h>
51 #include <stdlib.h>
52 #include <unistd.h>
53 
54 #include "less.h"
55 #include "extern.h"
56 
57 #define TERMIOS 1
58 
59 #if TERMIO
60 #include <termio.h>
61 #else
62 #if TERMIOS
63 #include <termios.h>
64 #define TAB3 0
65 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
66 #else
67 #include <sgtty.h>
68 #endif
69 #endif
70 #ifdef __NetBSD__
71 #include <termcap.h>
72 #endif
73 
74 #ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
75 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
76 #else
77 /*
78  * For the Unix PC (ATT 7300 & 3B1):
79  * Since WIOCGETD is defined in sys/window.h, we can't use that to decide
80  * whether to include sys/window.h.  Use SIGPHONE from sys/signal.h instead.
81  */
82 #include <sys/signal.h>
83 #ifdef SIGPHONE
84 #include <sys/window.h>
85 #endif
86 #endif
87 
88 /*
89  * Strings passed to tputs() to do various terminal functions.
90  */
91 static char
92           *sc_pad,            /* Pad string */
93           *sc_home,           /* Cursor home */
94           *sc_addline,                  /* Add line, scroll down following lines */
95           *sc_lower_left,               /* Cursor to last line, first column */
96           *sc_move,           /* General cursor positioning */
97           *sc_clear,                    /* Clear screen */
98           *sc_eol_clear,                /* Clear to end of line */
99           *sc_s_in,           /* Enter standout (highlighted) mode */
100           *sc_s_out,                    /* Exit standout mode */
101           *sc_u_in,           /* Enter underline mode */
102           *sc_u_out,                    /* Exit underline mode */
103           *sc_b_in,           /* Enter bold mode */
104           *sc_b_out,                    /* Exit bold mode */
105           *sc_backspace,                /* Backspace cursor */
106           *sc_init,           /* Startup terminal initialization */
107           *sc_deinit;                   /* Exit terminal de-intialization */
108 
109 int auto_wrap;                          /* Terminal does \r\n when write past margin */
110 int ignaw;                              /* Terminal ignores \n immediately after wrap */
111                                         /* The user's erase and line-kill chars */
112 int retain_below;             /* Terminal retains text below the screen */
113 int erase_char, kill_char, werase_char;
114 int sc_width, sc_height = -1; /* Height & width of screen */
115 int sc_window = -1;           /* window size for forward and backward */
116 int bo_width, be_width;                 /* Printing width of boldface sequences */
117 int ul_width, ue_width;                 /* Printing width of underline sequences */
118 int so_width, se_width;                 /* Printing width of standout sequences */
119 
120 /*
121  * These two variables are sometimes defined in,
122  * and needed by, the termcap library.
123  * It may be necessary on some systems to declare them extern here.
124  */
125 /*extern*/ short ospeed;      /* Terminal output baud rate */
126 /*extern*/ char PC;           /* Pad character */
127 
128 /*
129  * Change terminal to "raw mode", or restore to "normal" mode.
130  * "Raw mode" means
131  *        1. An outstanding read will complete on receipt of a single keystroke.
132  *        2. Input is not echoed.
133  *        3. On output, \n is mapped to \r\n.
134  *        4. \t is NOT expanded into spaces.
135  *        5. Signal-causing characters such as ctrl-C (interrupt),
136  *           etc. are NOT disabled.
137  * It doesn't matter whether an input \n is mapped to \r, or vice versa.
138  */
139 void
raw_mode(on)140 raw_mode(on)
141           int on;
142 {
143 #if TERMIO || TERMIOS
144 
145 #if TERMIO
146           struct termio s;
147           static struct termio save_term;
148 #else
149           struct termios s;
150           static struct termios save_term;
151 #endif
152 
153           if (on)
154           {
155                     /*
156                      * Get terminal modes.
157                      */
158 #if TERMIO
159                     (void)ioctl(2, TCGETA, &s);
160 #else
161                     tcgetattr(2, &s);
162 #endif
163 
164                     /*
165                      * Save modes and set certain variables dependent on modes.
166                      */
167                     save_term = s;
168 #if TERMIO
169                     ospeed = s.c_cflag & CBAUD;
170 #else
171                     ospeed = cfgetospeed(&s);
172 #endif
173                     erase_char = s.c_cc[VERASE];
174                     kill_char = s.c_cc[VKILL];
175                     werase_char = s.c_cc[VWERASE];
176 
177                     /*
178                      * Set the modes to the way we want them.
179                      */
180                     s.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON|ECHO|ECHOE|ECHOK|ECHONL);
181                     s.c_oflag |=  (OPOST|ONLCR|TAB3);
182 #if TERMIO
183                     s.c_oflag &= ~(OCRNL|ONOCR|ONLRET);
184 #endif
185                     s.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
186                     s.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
187           } else
188           {
189                     /*
190                      * Restore saved modes.
191                      */
192                     s = save_term;
193           }
194 #if TERMIO
195           (void)ioctl(2, TCSETAW, &s);
196 #else
197           tcsetattr(2, TCSADRAIN, &s);
198 #endif
199 #else
200           struct sgttyb s;
201           struct ltchars l;
202           static struct sgttyb save_term;
203 
204           if (on)
205           {
206                     /*
207                      * Get terminal modes.
208                      */
209                     (void)ioctl(2, TIOCGETP, &s);
210                     (void)ioctl(2, TIOCGLTC, &l);
211 
212                     /*
213                      * Save modes and set certain variables dependent on modes.
214                      */
215                     save_term = s;
216                     ospeed = s.sg_ospeed;
217                     erase_char = s.sg_erase;
218                     kill_char = s.sg_kill;
219                     werase_char = l.t_werasc;
220 
221                     /*
222                      * Set the modes to the way we want them.
223                      */
224                     s.sg_flags |= CBREAK;
225                     s.sg_flags &= ~(ECHO|XTABS);
226           } else
227           {
228                     /*
229                      * Restore saved modes.
230                      */
231                     s = save_term;
232           }
233           (void)ioctl(2, TIOCSETN, &s);
234 #endif
235 }
236 
237 /*
238  * Get terminal capabilities via termcap.
239  */
240 void
get_term()241 get_term()
242 {
243           char termbuf[2048];
244           char *sp;
245           char *term;
246           int hard;
247 #ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
248           struct winsize w;
249 #else
250 #ifdef WIOCGETD
251           struct uwdata w;
252 #endif
253 #endif
254           static char sbuf[1024];
255 
256           /*
257            * Find out what kind of terminal this is.
258            */
259           if ((term = getenv("TERM")) == NULL)
260                     term = "unknown";
261           if (tgetent(termbuf, term) <= 0)
262                     (void)strlcpy(termbuf, "dumb:co#80:hc:", sizeof(termbuf));
263 
264           /*
265            * Get size of the screen.
266            */
267 #ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
268           if (ioctl(2, TIOCGWINSZ, &w) == 0 && w.ws_row > 0)
269                     sc_height = w.ws_row;
270 #else
271 #ifdef WIOCGETD
272           if (ioctl(2, WIOCGETD, &w) == 0 && w.uw_height > 0)
273                     sc_height = w.uw_height/w.uw_vs;
274 #endif
275 #endif
276           else
277                     sc_height = tgetnum("li");
278           hard = (sc_height < 0 || tgetflag("hc"));
279           if (hard) {
280                     /* Oh no, this is a hardcopy terminal. */
281                     sc_height = 24;
282           }
283 
284 #ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
285           if (ioctl(2, TIOCGWINSZ, &w) == 0 && w.ws_col > 0)
286                     sc_width = w.ws_col;
287           else
288 #ifdef WIOCGETD
289           if (ioctl(2, WIOCGETD, &w) == 0 && w.uw_width > 0)
290                     sc_width = w.uw_width/w.uw_hs;
291           else
292 #endif
293 #endif
294                     sc_width = tgetnum("co");
295           if (sc_width < 0)
296                     sc_width = 80;
297 
298           auto_wrap = tgetflag("am");
299           ignaw = tgetflag("xn");
300           retain_below = tgetflag("db");
301 
302           /*
303            * Assumes termcap variable "sg" is the printing width of
304            * the standout sequence, the end standout sequence,
305            * the underline sequence, the end underline sequence,
306            * the boldface sequence, and the end boldface sequence.
307            */
308           if ((so_width = tgetnum("sg")) < 0)
309                     so_width = 0;
310           be_width = bo_width = ue_width = ul_width = se_width = so_width;
311 
312           /*
313            * Get various string-valued capabilities.
314            */
315           sp = sbuf;
316 
317           sc_pad = tgetstr("pc", &sp);
318           if (sc_pad != NULL)
319                     PC = *sc_pad;
320 
321           sc_init = tgetstr("ti", &sp);
322           if (sc_init == NULL)
323                     sc_init = "";
324 
325           sc_deinit= tgetstr("te", &sp);
326           if (sc_deinit == NULL)
327                     sc_deinit = "";
328 
329           sc_eol_clear = tgetstr("ce", &sp);
330           if (hard || sc_eol_clear == NULL || *sc_eol_clear == '\0')
331           {
332                     sc_eol_clear = "";
333           }
334 
335           sc_clear = tgetstr("cl", &sp);
336           if (hard || sc_clear == NULL || *sc_clear == '\0')
337           {
338                     sc_clear = "\n\n";
339           }
340 
341           sc_move = tgetstr("cm", &sp);
342           if (hard || sc_move == NULL || *sc_move == '\0')
343           {
344                     /*
345                      * This is not an error here, because we don't
346                      * always need sc_move.
347                      * We need it only if we don't have home or lower-left.
348                      */
349                     sc_move = "";
350           }
351 
352           sc_s_in = tgetstr("so", &sp);
353           if (hard || sc_s_in == NULL)
354                     sc_s_in = "";
355 
356           sc_s_out = tgetstr("se", &sp);
357           if (hard || sc_s_out == NULL)
358                     sc_s_out = "";
359 
360           sc_u_in = tgetstr("us", &sp);
361           if (hard || sc_u_in == NULL)
362                     sc_u_in = sc_s_in;
363 
364           sc_u_out = tgetstr("ue", &sp);
365           if (hard || sc_u_out == NULL)
366                     sc_u_out = sc_s_out;
367 
368           sc_b_in = tgetstr("md", &sp);
369           if (hard || sc_b_in == NULL)
370           {
371                     sc_b_in = sc_s_in;
372                     sc_b_out = sc_s_out;
373           } else
374           {
375                     sc_b_out = tgetstr("me", &sp);
376                     if (hard || sc_b_out == NULL)
377                               sc_b_out = "";
378           }
379 
380           sc_home = tgetstr("ho", &sp);
381           if (hard || sc_home == NULL || *sc_home == '\0')
382           {
383                     if (*sc_move == '\0')
384                     {
385                               /*
386                                * This last resort for sc_home is supposed to
387                                * be an up-arrow suggesting moving to the
388                                * top of the "virtual screen". (The one in
389                                * your imagination as you try to use this on
390                                * a hard copy terminal.)
391                                */
392                               sc_home = "|\b^";
393                     } else
394                     {
395                               /*
396                                * No "home" string,
397                                * but we can use "move(0,0)".
398                                */
399                               (void)strlcpy(sp, tgoto(sc_move, 0, 0),
400                                   sizeof(sbuf) - (sp - sbuf));
401                               sc_home = sp;
402                               sp += strlen(sp) + 1;
403                     }
404           }
405 
406           sc_lower_left = tgetstr("ll", &sp);
407           if (hard || sc_lower_left == NULL || *sc_lower_left == '\0')
408           {
409                     if (*sc_move == '\0')
410                     {
411                               sc_lower_left = "\r";
412                     } else
413                     {
414                               /*
415                                * No "lower-left" string,
416                                * but we can use "move(0,last-line)".
417                                */
418                               (void)strlcpy(sp, tgoto(sc_move, 0, sc_height-1),
419                                   sizeof(sbuf) - (sp - sbuf));
420                               sc_lower_left = sp;
421                               sp += strlen(sp) + 1;
422                     }
423           }
424 
425           /*
426            * To add a line at top of screen and scroll the display down,
427            * we use "al" (add line) or "sr" (scroll reverse).
428            */
429           if ((sc_addline = tgetstr("al", &sp)) == NULL ||
430                      *sc_addline == '\0')
431                     sc_addline = tgetstr("sr", &sp);
432 
433           if (hard || sc_addline == NULL || *sc_addline == '\0')
434           {
435                     sc_addline = "";
436                     /* Force repaint on any backward movement */
437                     back_scroll = 0;
438           }
439 
440           if (tgetflag("bs"))
441                     sc_backspace = "\b";
442           else
443           {
444                     sc_backspace = tgetstr("bc", &sp);
445                     if (sc_backspace == NULL || *sc_backspace == '\0')
446                               sc_backspace = "\b";
447           }
448 }
449 
450 
451 /*
452  * Below are the functions which perform all the
453  * terminal-specific screen manipulation.
454  */
455 
456 /*
457  * Initialize terminal
458  */
459 void
init()460 init()
461 {
462           tputs(sc_init, sc_height, putchr);
463 }
464 
465 /*
466  * Deinitialize terminal
467  */
468 void
deinit()469 deinit()
470 {
471           tputs(sc_deinit, sc_height, putchr);
472 }
473 
474 /*
475  * Home cursor (move to upper left corner of screen).
476  */
477 void
home()478 home()
479 {
480           tputs(sc_home, 1, putchr);
481 }
482 
483 /*
484  * Add a blank line (called with cursor at home).
485  * Should scroll the display down.
486  */
487 void
add_line()488 add_line()
489 {
490           tputs(sc_addline, sc_height, putchr);
491 }
492 
493 int short_file;                                   /* if file less than a screen */
494 void
lower_left()495 lower_left()
496 {
497           if (short_file) {
498                     putchr('\r');
499                     flush();
500           }
501           else
502                     tputs(sc_lower_left, 1, putchr);
503 }
504 
505 /*
506  * Ring the terminal bell.
507  */
508 void
bell()509 bell()
510 {
511           putchr('\7');
512 }
513 
514 /*
515  * Clear the screen.
516  */
517 void
clear()518 clear()
519 {
520           tputs(sc_clear, sc_height, putchr);
521 }
522 
523 /*
524  * Clear from the cursor to the end of the cursor's line.
525  * {{ This must not move the cursor. }}
526  */
527 void
clear_eol()528 clear_eol()
529 {
530           tputs(sc_eol_clear, 1, putchr);
531 }
532 
533 /*
534  * Begin "standout" (bold, underline, or whatever).
535  */
536 void
so_enter()537 so_enter()
538 {
539           tputs(sc_s_in, 1, putchr);
540 }
541 
542 /*
543  * End "standout".
544  */
545 void
so_exit()546 so_exit()
547 {
548           tputs(sc_s_out, 1, putchr);
549 }
550 
551 /*
552  * Begin "underline" (hopefully real underlining,
553  * otherwise whatever the terminal provides).
554  */
555 void
ul_enter()556 ul_enter()
557 {
558           tputs(sc_u_in, 1, putchr);
559 }
560 
561 /*
562  * End "underline".
563  */
564 void
ul_exit()565 ul_exit()
566 {
567           tputs(sc_u_out, 1, putchr);
568 }
569 
570 /*
571  * Begin "bold"
572  */
573 void
bo_enter()574 bo_enter()
575 {
576           tputs(sc_b_in, 1, putchr);
577 }
578 
579 /*
580  * End "bold".
581  */
582 void
bo_exit()583 bo_exit()
584 {
585           tputs(sc_b_out, 1, putchr);
586 }
587 
588 /*
589  * Erase the character to the left of the cursor
590  * and move the cursor left.
591  */
592 void
backspace()593 backspace()
594 {
595           /*
596            * Try to erase the previous character by overstriking with a space.
597            */
598           tputs(sc_backspace, 1, putchr);
599           putchr(' ');
600           tputs(sc_backspace, 1, putchr);
601 }
602 
603 /*
604  * Output a plain backspace, without erasing the previous char.
605  */
606 void
putbs()607 putbs()
608 {
609           tputs(sc_backspace, 1, putchr);
610 }
611