1 /*        $NetBSD: i2c_exec.c,v 1.18 2022/10/24 10:17:27 riastradh Exp $        */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2003 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Written by Jason R. Thorpe for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
18  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
19  *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
20  *      Wasabi Systems, Inc.
21  * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
22  *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
23  *    written permission.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
27  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
28  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
29  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
30  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
31  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
32  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
33  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
34  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
35  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 
38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
39 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: i2c_exec.c,v 1.18 2022/10/24 10:17:27 riastradh Exp $");
40 
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/systm.h>
43 #include <sys/cpu.h>
44 #include <sys/device.h>
45 #include <sys/module.h>
46 #include <sys/event.h>
47 #include <sys/conf.h>
48 #include <sys/kernel.h>
49 
50 #define   _I2C_PRIVATE
51 #include <dev/i2c/i2cvar.h>
52 
53 static uint8_t      iic_smbus_crc8(uint16_t);
54 static uint8_t      iic_smbus_pec(int, uint8_t *, uint8_t *);
55 
56 static int          i2cexec_modcmd(modcmd_t, void *);
57 
58 static inline int
iic_op_flags(int flags)59 iic_op_flags(int flags)
60 {
61 
62           return flags | ((cold || shutting_down) ? I2C_F_POLL : 0);
63 }
64 
65 /*
66  * iic_tag_init:
67  *
68  *        Perform some basic initialization of the i2c controller tag.
69  */
70 void
iic_tag_init(i2c_tag_t tag)71 iic_tag_init(i2c_tag_t tag)
72 {
73 
74           memset(tag, 0, sizeof(*tag));
75           mutex_init(&tag->ic_bus_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
76 }
77 
78 /*
79  * iic_tag_fini:
80  *
81  *        Teardown of the i2c controller tag.
82  */
83 void
iic_tag_fini(i2c_tag_t tag)84 iic_tag_fini(i2c_tag_t tag)
85 {
86 
87           mutex_destroy(&tag->ic_bus_lock);
88 }
89 
90 /*
91  * iic_acquire_bus:
92  *
93  *        Acquire the I2C bus for use by a client.
94  */
95 int
iic_acquire_bus(i2c_tag_t tag,int flags)96 iic_acquire_bus(i2c_tag_t tag, int flags)
97 {
98 
99 #if 0     /* XXX Not quite ready for this yet. */
100           KASSERT(!cpu_intr_p());
101 #endif
102 
103           flags = iic_op_flags(flags);
104 
105           if (flags & I2C_F_POLL) {
106                     /*
107                      * Polling should only be used in rare and/or
108                      * extreme circumstances; most i2c clients
109                      * should be allowed to sleep.
110                      *
111                      * Really, the ONLY user of I2C_F_POLL should be
112                      * "when cold", i.e. during early autoconfiguration
113                      * when there is only proc0, and we might have to
114                      * read SEEPROMs, etc.  There should be no other
115                      * users interfering with our access of the i2c bus
116                      * in that case.
117                      */
118                     if (mutex_tryenter(&tag->ic_bus_lock) == 0) {
119                               return EBUSY;
120                     }
121           } else {
122                     /*
123                      * N.B. We implement this as a mutex that we hold across
124                      * across a series of requests beause we'd like to get the
125                      * priority boost if a higher-priority process wants the
126                      * i2c bus while we're asleep waiting for the controller
127                      * to perform the I/O.
128                      *
129                      * XXXJRT Disable preemption here?  We'd like to keep
130                      * the CPU while holding this resource, unless we release
131                      * it voluntarily (which should only happen while waiting
132                      * for a controller to complete I/O).
133                      */
134                     mutex_enter(&tag->ic_bus_lock);
135           }
136 
137           int error = 0;
138           if (tag->ic_acquire_bus) {
139                     error = (*tag->ic_acquire_bus)(tag->ic_cookie, flags);
140           }
141 
142           if (__predict_false(error)) {
143                     mutex_exit(&tag->ic_bus_lock);
144           }
145 
146           return error;
147 }
148 
149 /*
150  * iic_release_bus:
151  *
152  *        Release the I2C bus, allowing another client to use it.
153  */
154 void
iic_release_bus(i2c_tag_t tag,int flags)155 iic_release_bus(i2c_tag_t tag, int flags)
156 {
157 
158 #if 0     /* XXX Not quite ready for this yet. */
159           KASSERT(!cpu_intr_p());
160 #endif
161 
162           flags = iic_op_flags(flags);
163 
164           if (tag->ic_release_bus) {
165                     (*tag->ic_release_bus)(tag->ic_cookie, flags);
166           }
167 
168           mutex_exit(&tag->ic_bus_lock);
169 }
170 
171 /*
172  * iic_exec:
173  *
174  *        Simplified I2C client interface engine.
175  *
176  *        This and the SMBus routines are the preferred interface for
177  *        client access to I2C/SMBus, since many automated controllers
178  *        do not provide access to the low-level primitives of the I2C
179  *        bus protocol.
180  */
181 int
iic_exec(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_op_t op,i2c_addr_t addr,const void * vcmd,size_t cmdlen,void * vbuf,size_t buflen,int flags)182 iic_exec(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_op_t op, i2c_addr_t addr, const void *vcmd,
183     size_t cmdlen, void *vbuf, size_t buflen, int flags)
184 {
185           const uint8_t *cmd = vcmd;
186           uint8_t *buf = vbuf;
187           int error;
188           size_t len;
189 
190 #if 0     /* XXX Not quite ready for this yet. */
191           KASSERT(!cpu_intr_p());
192 #endif
193 
194           flags = iic_op_flags(flags);
195 
196           if ((flags & I2C_F_PEC) && cmdlen > 0 && tag->ic_exec != NULL) {
197                     uint8_t data[33]; /* XXX */
198                     uint8_t b[3];
199 
200                     b[0] = addr << 1;
201                     b[1] = cmd[0];
202 
203                     switch (buflen) {
204                     case 0:
205                               data[0] = iic_smbus_pec(2, b, NULL);
206                               buflen++;
207                               break;
208                     case 1:
209                               b[2] = buf[0];
210                               data[0] = iic_smbus_pec(3, b, NULL);
211                               data[1] = b[2];
212                               buflen++;
213                               break;
214                     case 2:
215                               break;
216                     default:
217                               KASSERT(buflen+1 < sizeof(data));
218                               memcpy(data, vbuf, buflen);
219                               data[buflen] = iic_smbus_pec(2, b, data);
220                               buflen++;
221                               break;
222                     }
223 
224                     return ((*tag->ic_exec)(tag->ic_cookie, op, addr, cmd,
225                                                   cmdlen, data, buflen, flags));
226           }
227 
228           /*
229            * Defer to the controller if it provides an exec function.  Use
230            * it if it does.
231            */
232           if (tag->ic_exec != NULL)
233                     return ((*tag->ic_exec)(tag->ic_cookie, op, addr, cmd,
234                                                   cmdlen, buf, buflen, flags));
235 
236           if ((len = cmdlen) != 0) {
237                     if ((error = iic_initiate_xfer(tag, addr, flags)) != 0)
238                               goto bad;
239                     while (len--) {
240                               if ((error = iic_write_byte(tag, *cmd++, flags)) != 0)
241                                         goto bad;
242                     }
243           } else if (buflen == 0) {
244                     /*
245                      * This is a quick_read()/quick_write() command with
246                      * neither command nor data bytes
247                      */
248                     if (I2C_OP_STOP_P(op))
249                               flags |= I2C_F_STOP;
250                     if (I2C_OP_READ_P(op))
251                               flags |= I2C_F_READ;
252                     if ((error = iic_initiate_xfer(tag, addr, flags)) != 0)
253                               goto bad;
254           }
255 
256           if (I2C_OP_READ_P(op))
257                     flags |= I2C_F_READ;
258 
259           len = buflen;
260           while (len--) {
261                     if (len == 0 && I2C_OP_STOP_P(op))
262                               flags |= I2C_F_STOP;
263                     if (I2C_OP_READ_P(op)) {
264                               /* Send REPEATED START. */
265                               if ((len + 1) == buflen &&
266                                   (error = iic_initiate_xfer(tag, addr, flags)) != 0)
267                                         goto bad;
268                               /* NACK on last byte. */
269                               if (len == 0)
270                                         flags |= I2C_F_LAST;
271                               if ((error = iic_read_byte(tag, buf++, flags)) != 0)
272                                         goto bad;
273                     } else  {
274                               /* Maybe send START. */
275                               if ((len + 1) == buflen && cmdlen == 0 &&
276                                   (error = iic_initiate_xfer(tag, addr, flags)) != 0)
277                                         goto bad;
278                               if ((error = iic_write_byte(tag, *buf++, flags)) != 0)
279                                         goto bad;
280                     }
281           }
282 
283           return (0);
284  bad:
285           iic_send_stop(tag, flags);
286           return (error);
287 }
288 
289 /*
290  * iic_smbus_write_byte:
291  *
292  *        Perform an SMBus "write byte" operation.
293  */
294 int
iic_smbus_write_byte(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_addr_t addr,uint8_t cmd,uint8_t val,int flags)295 iic_smbus_write_byte(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_addr_t addr, uint8_t cmd,
296     uint8_t val, int flags)
297 {
298 
299           return (iic_exec(tag, I2C_OP_WRITE_WITH_STOP, addr, &cmd, 1,
300                                &val, 1, flags));
301 }
302 
303 /*
304  * iic_smbus_write_word:
305  *
306  *        Perform an SMBus "write word" operation.
307  */
308 int
iic_smbus_write_word(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_addr_t addr,uint8_t cmd,uint16_t val,int flags)309 iic_smbus_write_word(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_addr_t addr, uint8_t cmd,
310     uint16_t val, int flags)
311 {
312           uint8_t vbuf[2];
313 
314           vbuf[0] = val & 0xff;
315           vbuf[1] = (val >> 8) & 0xff;
316 
317           return (iic_exec(tag, I2C_OP_WRITE_WITH_STOP, addr, &cmd, 1,
318                                vbuf, 2, flags));
319 }
320 
321 /*
322  * iic_smbus_read_byte:
323  *
324  *        Perform an SMBus "read byte" operation.
325  */
326 int
iic_smbus_read_byte(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_addr_t addr,uint8_t cmd,uint8_t * valp,int flags)327 iic_smbus_read_byte(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_addr_t addr, uint8_t cmd,
328     uint8_t *valp, int flags)
329 {
330 
331           return (iic_exec(tag, I2C_OP_READ_WITH_STOP, addr, &cmd, 1,
332                                valp, 1, flags));
333 }
334 
335 /*
336  * iic_smbus_read_word:
337  *
338  *        Perform an SMBus "read word" operation.
339  */
340 int
iic_smbus_read_word(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_addr_t addr,uint8_t cmd,uint16_t * valp,int flags)341 iic_smbus_read_word(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_addr_t addr, uint8_t cmd,
342     uint16_t *valp, int flags)
343 {
344 
345           return (iic_exec(tag, I2C_OP_READ_WITH_STOP, addr, &cmd, 1,
346                                (uint8_t *)valp, 2, flags));
347 }
348 
349 /*
350  * iic_smbus_receive_byte:
351  *
352  *        Perform an SMBus "receive byte" operation.
353  */
354 int
iic_smbus_receive_byte(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_addr_t addr,uint8_t * valp,int flags)355 iic_smbus_receive_byte(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_addr_t addr, uint8_t *valp,
356     int flags)
357 {
358 
359           return (iic_exec(tag, I2C_OP_READ_WITH_STOP, addr, NULL, 0,
360                                valp, 1, flags));
361 }
362 
363 /*
364  * iic_smbus_send_byte:
365  *
366  *        Perform an SMBus "send byte" operation.
367  */
368 int
iic_smbus_send_byte(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_addr_t addr,uint8_t val,int flags)369 iic_smbus_send_byte(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_addr_t addr, uint8_t val, int flags)
370 {
371 
372           return (iic_exec(tag, I2C_OP_WRITE_WITH_STOP, addr, NULL, 0,
373                                &val, 1, flags));
374 }
375 
376 /*
377  * iic_smbus_quick_read:
378  *
379  *        Perform an SMBus "quick read" operation.
380  */
381 int
iic_smbus_quick_read(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_addr_t addr,int flags)382 iic_smbus_quick_read(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_addr_t addr, int flags)
383 {
384 
385           return (iic_exec(tag, I2C_OP_READ_WITH_STOP, addr, NULL, 0,
386                                NULL, 0, flags));
387 }
388 
389 /*
390  * iic_smbus_quick_write:
391  *
392  *        Perform an SMBus "quick write" operation.
393  */
394 int
iic_smbus_quick_write(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_addr_t addr,int flags)395 iic_smbus_quick_write(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_addr_t addr, int flags)
396 {
397 
398           return (iic_exec(tag, I2C_OP_WRITE_WITH_STOP, addr, NULL, 0,
399                                NULL, 0, flags));
400 }
401 
402 /*
403  * iic_smbus_block_read:
404  *
405  *        Perform an SMBus "block read" operation.
406  */
407 int
iic_smbus_block_read(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_addr_t addr,uint8_t cmd,uint8_t * vbuf,size_t buflen,int flags)408 iic_smbus_block_read(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_addr_t addr, uint8_t cmd,
409     uint8_t *vbuf, size_t buflen, int flags)
410 {
411 
412           return (iic_exec(tag, I2C_OP_READ_BLOCK, addr, &cmd, 1,
413                                vbuf, buflen, flags));
414 }
415 
416 /*
417  * iic_smbus_block_write:
418  *
419  *        Perform an SMBus "block write" operation.
420  */
421 int
iic_smbus_block_write(i2c_tag_t tag,i2c_addr_t addr,uint8_t cmd,uint8_t * vbuf,size_t buflen,int flags)422 iic_smbus_block_write(i2c_tag_t tag, i2c_addr_t addr, uint8_t cmd,
423     uint8_t *vbuf, size_t buflen, int flags)
424 {
425 
426           return (iic_exec(tag, I2C_OP_WRITE_BLOCK, addr, &cmd, 1,
427                                vbuf, buflen, flags));
428 }
429 
430 /*
431  * iic_smbus_crc8
432  *
433  *        Private helper for calculating packet error checksum
434  */
435 static uint8_t
iic_smbus_crc8(uint16_t data)436 iic_smbus_crc8(uint16_t data)
437 {
438           int i;
439 
440           for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
441                     if (data & 0x8000)
442                               data = data ^ (0x1070U << 3);
443                     data = data << 1;
444           }
445 
446           return (uint8_t)(data >> 8);
447 }
448 
449 /*
450  * iic_smbus_pec
451  *
452  *        Private function for calculating packet error checking on SMBus
453  *        packets.
454  */
455 static uint8_t
iic_smbus_pec(int count,uint8_t * s,uint8_t * r)456 iic_smbus_pec(int count, uint8_t *s, uint8_t *r)
457 {
458           int i;
459           uint8_t crc = 0;
460 
461           for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
462                     crc = iic_smbus_crc8((crc ^ s[i]) << 8);
463           if (r != NULL)
464                     for (i = 0; i <= r[0]; i++)
465                               crc = iic_smbus_crc8((crc ^ r[i]) << 8);
466 
467           return crc;
468 }
469 
470 MODULE(MODULE_CLASS_MISC, i2cexec, NULL);
471 
472 static int
i2cexec_modcmd(modcmd_t cmd,void * opaque)473 i2cexec_modcmd(modcmd_t cmd, void *opaque)
474 {
475           switch (cmd) {
476           case MODULE_CMD_INIT:
477           case MODULE_CMD_FINI:
478                     return 0;
479                     break;
480           default:
481                     return ENOTTY;
482           }
483 }
484