xref: /NextBSD/sys/boot/efi/loader/arch/amd64/framebuffer.c (revision ea41b2069698db5cfd8b1d3888556269b4fdc668)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2013 The FreeBSD Foundation
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This software was developed by Benno Rice under sponsorship from
6  * the FreeBSD Foundation.
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 
32 #include <bootstrap.h>
33 #include <sys/endian.h>
34 #include <stand.h>
35 
36 #include <efi.h>
37 #include <efilib.h>
38 #include <efiuga.h>
39 #include <efipciio.h>
40 #include <machine/metadata.h>
41 
42 static EFI_GUID gop_guid = EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL_GUID;
43 static EFI_GUID pciio_guid = EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL_GUID;
44 static EFI_GUID uga_guid = EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL_GUID;
45 
46 static u_int
efifb_color_depth(struct efi_fb * efifb)47 efifb_color_depth(struct efi_fb *efifb)
48 {
49 	uint32_t mask;
50 	u_int depth;
51 
52 	mask = efifb->fb_mask_red | efifb->fb_mask_green |
53 	    efifb->fb_mask_blue | efifb->fb_mask_reserved;
54 	if (mask == 0)
55 		return (0);
56 	for (depth = 1; mask != 1; depth++)
57 		mask >>= 1;
58 	return (depth);
59 }
60 
61 static int
efifb_mask_from_pixfmt(struct efi_fb * efifb,EFI_GRAPHICS_PIXEL_FORMAT pixfmt,EFI_PIXEL_BITMASK * pixinfo)62 efifb_mask_from_pixfmt(struct efi_fb *efifb, EFI_GRAPHICS_PIXEL_FORMAT pixfmt,
63     EFI_PIXEL_BITMASK *pixinfo)
64 {
65 	int result;
66 
67 	result = 0;
68 	switch (pixfmt) {
69 	case PixelRedGreenBlueReserved8BitPerColor:
70 		efifb->fb_mask_red = 0x000000ff;
71 		efifb->fb_mask_green = 0x0000ff00;
72 		efifb->fb_mask_blue = 0x00ff0000;
73 		efifb->fb_mask_reserved = 0xff000000;
74 		break;
75 	case PixelBlueGreenRedReserved8BitPerColor:
76 		efifb->fb_mask_red = 0x00ff0000;
77 		efifb->fb_mask_green = 0x0000ff00;
78 		efifb->fb_mask_blue = 0x000000ff;
79 		efifb->fb_mask_reserved = 0xff000000;
80 		break;
81 	case PixelBitMask:
82 		efifb->fb_mask_red = pixinfo->RedMask;
83 		efifb->fb_mask_green = pixinfo->GreenMask;
84 		efifb->fb_mask_blue = pixinfo->BlueMask;
85 		efifb->fb_mask_reserved = pixinfo->ReservedMask;
86 		break;
87 	default:
88 		result = 1;
89 		break;
90 	}
91 	return (result);
92 }
93 
94 static int
efifb_from_gop(struct efi_fb * efifb,EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL_MODE * mode,EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION * info)95 efifb_from_gop(struct efi_fb *efifb, EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL_MODE *mode,
96     EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION *info)
97 {
98 	int result;
99 
100 	efifb->fb_addr = mode->FrameBufferBase;
101 	efifb->fb_size = mode->FrameBufferSize;
102 	efifb->fb_height = info->VerticalResolution;
103 	efifb->fb_width = info->HorizontalResolution;
104 	efifb->fb_stride = info->PixelsPerScanLine;
105 	result = efifb_mask_from_pixfmt(efifb, info->PixelFormat,
106 	    &info->PixelInformation);
107 	return (result);
108 }
109 
110 static ssize_t
efifb_uga_find_pixel(EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL * uga,u_int line,EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL * pciio,uint64_t addr,uint64_t size)111 efifb_uga_find_pixel(EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL *uga, u_int line,
112     EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL *pciio, uint64_t addr, uint64_t size)
113 {
114 	EFI_UGA_PIXEL pix0, pix1;
115 	uint8_t *data1, *data2;
116 	size_t count, maxcount = 1024;
117 	ssize_t ofs;
118 	EFI_STATUS status;
119 	u_int idx;
120 
121 	status = uga->Blt(uga, &pix0, EfiUgaVideoToBltBuffer,
122 	    0, line, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0);
123 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
124 		printf("UGA BLT operation failed (video->buffer)");
125 		return (-1);
126 	}
127 	pix1.Red = ~pix0.Red;
128 	pix1.Green = ~pix0.Green;
129 	pix1.Blue = ~pix0.Blue;
130 	pix1.Reserved = 0;
131 
132 	data1 = calloc(maxcount, 2);
133 	if (data1 == NULL) {
134 		printf("Unable to allocate memory");
135 		return (-1);
136 	}
137 	data2 = data1 + maxcount;
138 
139 	ofs = 0;
140 	while (size > 0) {
141 		count = min(size, maxcount);
142 
143 		status = pciio->Mem.Read(pciio, EfiPciIoWidthUint32,
144 		    EFI_PCI_IO_PASS_THROUGH_BAR, addr + ofs, count >> 2,
145 		    data1);
146 		if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
147 			printf("Error reading frame buffer (before)");
148 			goto fail;
149 		}
150 		status = uga->Blt(uga, &pix1, EfiUgaBltBufferToVideo,
151 		    0, 0, 0, line, 1, 1, 0);
152 		if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
153 			printf("UGA BLT operation failed (modify)");
154 			goto fail;
155 		}
156 		status = pciio->Mem.Read(pciio, EfiPciIoWidthUint32,
157 		    EFI_PCI_IO_PASS_THROUGH_BAR, addr + ofs, count >> 2,
158 		    data2);
159 		if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
160 			printf("Error reading frame buffer (after)");
161 			goto fail;
162 		}
163 		status = uga->Blt(uga, &pix0, EfiUgaBltBufferToVideo,
164 		    0, 0, 0, line, 1, 1, 0);
165 		if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
166 			printf("UGA BLT operation failed (restore)");
167 			goto fail;
168 		}
169 		for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++) {
170 			if (data1[idx] != data2[idx]) {
171 				free(data1);
172 				return (ofs + (idx & ~3));
173 			}
174 		}
175 		ofs += count;
176 		size -= count;
177 	}
178 	printf("No change detected in frame buffer");
179 
180  fail:
181 	printf(" -- error %lu\n", EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
182 	free(data1);
183 	return (-1);
184 }
185 
186 static EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL *
efifb_uga_get_pciio(void)187 efifb_uga_get_pciio(void)
188 {
189 	EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL *pciio;
190 	EFI_HANDLE *buf, *hp;
191 	EFI_STATUS status;
192 	UINTN bufsz;
193 
194 	/* Get all handles that support the UGA protocol. */
195 	bufsz = 0;
196 	status = BS->LocateHandle(ByProtocol, &uga_guid, NULL, &bufsz, NULL);
197 	if (status != EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL)
198 		return (NULL);
199 	buf = malloc(bufsz);
200 	status = BS->LocateHandle(ByProtocol, &uga_guid, NULL, &bufsz, buf);
201 	if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) {
202 		free(buf);
203 		return (NULL);
204 	}
205 	bufsz /= sizeof(EFI_HANDLE);
206 
207 	/* Get the PCI I/O interface of the first handle that supports it. */
208 	pciio = NULL;
209 	for (hp = buf; hp < buf + bufsz; hp++) {
210 		status = BS->HandleProtocol(*hp, &pciio_guid, (void **)&pciio);
211 		if (status == EFI_SUCCESS) {
212 			free(buf);
213 			return (pciio);
214 		}
215 	}
216 	free(buf);
217 	return (NULL);
218 }
219 
220 static EFI_STATUS
efifb_uga_locate_framebuffer(EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL * pciio,uint64_t * addrp,uint64_t * sizep)221 efifb_uga_locate_framebuffer(EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL *pciio, uint64_t *addrp,
222     uint64_t *sizep)
223 {
224 	uint8_t *resattr;
225 	uint64_t addr, size;
226 	EFI_STATUS status;
227 	u_int bar;
228 
229 	if (pciio == NULL)
230 		return (EFI_DEVICE_ERROR);
231 
232 	/* Attempt to get the frame buffer address (imprecise). */
233 	*addrp = 0;
234 	*sizep = 0;
235 	for (bar = 0; bar < 6; bar++) {
236 		status = pciio->GetBarAttributes(pciio, bar, NULL,
237 		    (void **)&resattr);
238 		if (status != EFI_SUCCESS)
239 			continue;
240 		/* XXX magic offsets and constants. */
241 		if (resattr[0] == 0x87 && resattr[3] == 0) {
242 			/* 32-bit address space descriptor (MEMIO) */
243 			addr = le32dec(resattr + 10);
244 			size = le32dec(resattr + 22);
245 		} else if (resattr[0] == 0x8a && resattr[3] == 0) {
246 			/* 64-bit address space descriptor (MEMIO) */
247 			addr = le64dec(resattr + 14);
248 			size = le64dec(resattr + 38);
249 		} else {
250 			addr = 0;
251 			size = 0;
252 		}
253 		BS->FreePool(resattr);
254 		if (addr == 0 || size == 0)
255 			continue;
256 
257 		/* We assume the largest BAR is the frame buffer. */
258 		if (size > *sizep) {
259 			*addrp = addr;
260 			*sizep = size;
261 		}
262 	}
263 	return ((*addrp == 0 || *sizep == 0) ? EFI_DEVICE_ERROR : 0);
264 }
265 
266 static int
efifb_from_uga(struct efi_fb * efifb,EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL * uga)267 efifb_from_uga(struct efi_fb *efifb, EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL *uga)
268 {
269 	EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL *pciio;
270 	char *ev, *p;
271 	EFI_STATUS status;
272 	ssize_t offset;
273 	uint64_t fbaddr, fbsize;
274 	uint32_t horiz, vert, stride;
275 	uint32_t np, depth, refresh;
276 
277 	status = uga->GetMode(uga, &horiz, &vert, &depth, &refresh);
278 	if (EFI_ERROR(status))
279 		return (1);
280 	efifb->fb_height = vert;
281 	efifb->fb_width = horiz;
282 	/* Paranoia... */
283 	if (efifb->fb_height == 0 || efifb->fb_width == 0)
284 		return (1);
285 
286 	/* The color masks are fixed AFAICT. */
287 	efifb_mask_from_pixfmt(efifb, PixelBlueGreenRedReserved8BitPerColor,
288 	    NULL);
289 
290 	/* pciio can be NULL on return! */
291 	pciio = efifb_uga_get_pciio();
292 
293 	/* Try to find the frame buffer. */
294 	status = efifb_uga_locate_framebuffer(pciio, &efifb->fb_addr,
295 	    &efifb->fb_size);
296 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
297 		efifb->fb_addr = 0;
298 		efifb->fb_size = 0;
299 	}
300 
301 	/*
302 	 * There's no reliable way to detect the frame buffer or the
303 	 * offset within the frame buffer of the visible region, nor
304 	 * the stride. Our only option is to look at the system and
305 	 * fill in the blanks based on that. Luckily, UGA was mostly
306 	 * only used on Apple hardware.
307 	 */
308 	offset = -1;
309 	ev = getenv("smbios.system.maker");
310 	if (ev != NULL && !strcmp(ev, "Apple Inc.")) {
311 		ev = getenv("smbios.system.product");
312 		if (ev != NULL && !strcmp(ev, "iMac7,1")) {
313 			/* These are the expected values we should have. */
314 			horiz = 1680;
315 			vert = 1050;
316 			fbaddr = 0xc0000000;
317 			/* These are the missing bits. */
318 			offset = 0x10000;
319 			stride = 1728;
320 		} else if (ev != NULL && !strcmp(ev, "MacBook3,1")) {
321 			/* These are the expected values we should have. */
322 			horiz = 1280;
323 			vert = 800;
324 			fbaddr = 0xc0000000;
325 			/* These are the missing bits. */
326 			offset = 0x0;
327 			stride = 2048;
328 		}
329 	}
330 
331 	/*
332 	 * If this is hardware we know, make sure that it looks familiar
333 	 * before we accept our hardcoded values.
334 	 */
335 	if (offset >= 0 && efifb->fb_width == horiz &&
336 	    efifb->fb_height == vert && efifb->fb_addr == fbaddr) {
337 		efifb->fb_addr += offset;
338 		efifb->fb_size -= offset;
339 		efifb->fb_stride = stride;
340 		return (0);
341 	} else if (offset >= 0) {
342 		printf("Hardware make/model known, but graphics not "
343 		    "as expected.\n");
344 		printf("Console may not work!\n");
345 	}
346 
347 	/*
348 	 * The stride is equal or larger to the width. Often it's the
349 	 * next larger power of two. We'll start with that...
350 	 */
351 	efifb->fb_stride = efifb->fb_width;
352 	do {
353 		np = efifb->fb_stride & (efifb->fb_stride - 1);
354 		if (np) {
355 			efifb->fb_stride |= (np - 1);
356 			efifb->fb_stride++;
357 		}
358 	} while (np);
359 
360 	ev = getenv("hw.efifb.address");
361 	if (ev == NULL) {
362 		if (efifb->fb_addr == 0) {
363 			printf("Please set hw.efifb.address and "
364 			    "hw.efifb.stride.\n");
365 			return (1);
366 		}
367 
368 		/*
369 		 * The visible part of the frame buffer may not start at
370 		 * offset 0, so try to detect it. Note that we may not
371 		 * always be able to read from the frame buffer, which
372 		 * means that we may not be able to detect anything. In
373 		 * that case, we would take a long time scanning for a
374 		 * pixel change in the frame buffer, which would have it
375 		 * appear that we're hanging, so we limit the scan to
376 		 * 1/256th of the frame buffer. This number is mostly
377 		 * based on PR 202730 and the fact that on a MacBoook,
378 		 * where we can't read from the frame buffer the offset
379 		 * of the visible region is 0. In short: we want to scan
380 		 * enough to handle all adapters that have an offset
381 		 * larger than 0 and we want to scan as little as we can
382 		 * to not appear to hang when we can't read from the
383 		 * frame buffer.
384 		 */
385 		offset = efifb_uga_find_pixel(uga, 0, pciio, efifb->fb_addr,
386 		    efifb->fb_size >> 8);
387 		if (offset == -1) {
388 			printf("Unable to reliably detect frame buffer.\n");
389 		} else if (offset > 0) {
390 			efifb->fb_addr += offset;
391 			efifb->fb_size -= offset;
392 		}
393 	} else {
394 		offset = 0;
395 		efifb->fb_size = efifb->fb_height * efifb->fb_stride * 4;
396 		efifb->fb_addr = strtoul(ev, &p, 0);
397 		if (*p != '\0')
398 			return (1);
399 	}
400 
401 	ev = getenv("hw.efifb.stride");
402 	if (ev == NULL) {
403 		if (pciio != NULL && offset != -1) {
404 			/* Determine the stride. */
405 			offset = efifb_uga_find_pixel(uga, 1, pciio,
406 			    efifb->fb_addr, horiz * 8);
407 			if (offset != -1)
408 				efifb->fb_stride = offset >> 2;
409 		} else {
410 			printf("Unable to reliably detect the stride.\n");
411 		}
412 	} else {
413 		efifb->fb_stride = strtoul(ev, &p, 0);
414 		if (*p != '\0')
415 			return (1);
416 	}
417 
418 	/*
419 	 * We finalized on the stride, so recalculate the size of the
420 	 * frame buffer.
421 	 */
422 	efifb->fb_size = efifb->fb_height * efifb->fb_stride * 4;
423 	return (0);
424 }
425 
426 int
efi_find_framebuffer(struct efi_fb * efifb)427 efi_find_framebuffer(struct efi_fb *efifb)
428 {
429 	EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT *gop;
430 	EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL *uga;
431 	EFI_STATUS status;
432 
433 	status = BS->LocateProtocol(&gop_guid, NULL, (VOID **)&gop);
434 	if (status == EFI_SUCCESS)
435 		return (efifb_from_gop(efifb, gop->Mode, gop->Mode->Info));
436 
437 	status = BS->LocateProtocol(&uga_guid, NULL, (VOID **)&uga);
438 	if (status == EFI_SUCCESS)
439 		return (efifb_from_uga(efifb, uga));
440 
441 	return (1);
442 }
443 
444 static void
print_efifb(int mode,struct efi_fb * efifb,int verbose)445 print_efifb(int mode, struct efi_fb *efifb, int verbose)
446 {
447 	u_int depth;
448 
449 	if (mode >= 0)
450 		printf("mode %d: ", mode);
451 	depth = efifb_color_depth(efifb);
452 	printf("%ux%ux%u, stride=%u", efifb->fb_width, efifb->fb_height,
453 	    depth, efifb->fb_stride);
454 	if (verbose) {
455 		printf("\n    frame buffer: address=%jx, size=%jx",
456 		    (uintmax_t)efifb->fb_addr, (uintmax_t)efifb->fb_size);
457 		printf("\n    color mask: R=%08x, G=%08x, B=%08x\n",
458 		    efifb->fb_mask_red, efifb->fb_mask_green,
459 		    efifb->fb_mask_blue);
460 	}
461 }
462 
463 COMMAND_SET(gop, "gop", "graphics output protocol", command_gop);
464 
465 static int
command_gop(int argc,char * argv[])466 command_gop(int argc, char *argv[])
467 {
468 	struct efi_fb efifb;
469 	EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT *gop;
470 	EFI_STATUS status;
471 	u_int mode;
472 
473 	status = BS->LocateProtocol(&gop_guid, NULL, (VOID **)&gop);
474 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
475 		sprintf(command_errbuf, "%s: Graphics Output Protocol not "
476 		    "present (error=%lu)", argv[0], EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
477 		return (CMD_ERROR);
478 	}
479 
480 	if (argc < 2)
481 		goto usage;
482 
483 	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "set")) {
484 		char *cp;
485 
486 		if (argc != 3)
487 			goto usage;
488 		mode = strtol(argv[2], &cp, 0);
489 		if (cp[0] != '\0') {
490 			sprintf(command_errbuf, "mode is an integer");
491 			return (CMD_ERROR);
492 		}
493 		status = gop->SetMode(gop, mode);
494 		if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
495 			sprintf(command_errbuf, "%s: Unable to set mode to "
496 			    "%u (error=%lu)", argv[0], mode,
497 			    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
498 			return (CMD_ERROR);
499 		}
500 	} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "get")) {
501 		if (argc != 2)
502 			goto usage;
503 		efifb_from_gop(&efifb, gop->Mode, gop->Mode->Info);
504 		print_efifb(gop->Mode->Mode, &efifb, 1);
505 		printf("\n");
506 	} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "list")) {
507 		EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION *info;
508 		UINTN infosz;
509 
510 		if (argc != 2)
511 			goto usage;
512 		pager_open();
513 		for (mode = 0; mode < gop->Mode->MaxMode; mode++) {
514 			status = gop->QueryMode(gop, mode, &infosz, &info);
515 			if (EFI_ERROR(status))
516 				continue;
517 			efifb_from_gop(&efifb, gop->Mode, info);
518 			print_efifb(mode, &efifb, 0);
519 			if (pager_output("\n"))
520 				break;
521 		}
522 		pager_close();
523 	}
524 	return (CMD_OK);
525 
526  usage:
527 	sprintf(command_errbuf, "usage: %s [list | get | set <mode>]",
528 	    argv[0]);
529 	return (CMD_ERROR);
530 }
531 
532 COMMAND_SET(uga, "uga", "universal graphics adapter", command_uga);
533 
534 static int
command_uga(int argc,char * argv[])535 command_uga(int argc, char *argv[])
536 {
537 	struct efi_fb efifb;
538 	EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL *uga;
539 	EFI_STATUS status;
540 
541 	status = BS->LocateProtocol(&uga_guid, NULL, (VOID **)&uga);
542 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
543 		sprintf(command_errbuf, "%s: UGA Protocol not present "
544 		    "(error=%lu)", argv[0], EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
545 		return (CMD_ERROR);
546 	}
547 
548 	if (argc != 1)
549 		goto usage;
550 
551 	if (efifb_from_uga(&efifb, uga) != CMD_OK) {
552 		sprintf(command_errbuf, "%s: Unable to get UGA information",
553 		    argv[0]);
554 		return (CMD_ERROR);
555 	}
556 
557 	print_efifb(-1, &efifb, 1);
558 	printf("\n");
559 	return (CMD_OK);
560 
561  usage:
562 	sprintf(command_errbuf, "usage: %s", argv[0]);
563 	return (CMD_ERROR);
564 }
565