1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1997 Berkeley Software Design, Inc. All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6  * are met:
7  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12  * 3. Berkeley Software Design Inc's name may not be used to endorse or
13  *    promote products derived from this software without specific prior
14  *    written permission.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  *	from BSDI $Id: mutex.h,v 2.7.2.35 2000/04/27 03:10:26 cp Exp $
29  * $FreeBSD: stable/9/sys/sys/mutex.h 235404 2012-05-13 17:01:32Z avg $
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef _SYS_MUTEX_H_
33 #define _SYS_MUTEX_H_
34 
35 #include <sys/queue.h>
36 #include <sys/_lock.h>
37 #include <sys/_mutex.h>
38 
39 #ifdef _KERNEL
40 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
41 #include <sys/lock_profile.h>
42 #include <sys/lockstat.h>
43 #include <machine/atomic.h>
44 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
45 
46 /*
47  * Mutex types and options passed to mtx_init().  MTX_QUIET and MTX_DUPOK
48  * can also be passed in.
49  */
50 #define	MTX_DEF		0x00000000	/* DEFAULT (sleep) lock */
51 #define MTX_SPIN	0x00000001	/* Spin lock (disables interrupts) */
52 #define MTX_RECURSE	0x00000004	/* Option: lock allowed to recurse */
53 #define	MTX_NOWITNESS	0x00000008	/* Don't do any witness checking. */
54 #define MTX_NOPROFILE   0x00000020	/* Don't profile this lock */
55 
56 /*
57  * Option flags passed to certain lock/unlock routines, through the use
58  * of corresponding mtx_{lock,unlock}_flags() interface macros.
59  */
60 #define	MTX_QUIET	LOP_QUIET	/* Don't log a mutex event */
61 #define	MTX_DUPOK	LOP_DUPOK	/* Don't log a duplicate acquire */
62 
63 /*
64  * State bits kept in mutex->mtx_lock, for the DEFAULT lock type. None of this,
65  * with the exception of MTX_UNOWNED, applies to spin locks.
66  */
67 #define	MTX_RECURSED	0x00000001	/* lock recursed (for MTX_DEF only) */
68 #define	MTX_CONTESTED	0x00000002	/* lock contested (for MTX_DEF only) */
69 #define MTX_UNOWNED	0x00000004	/* Cookie for free mutex */
70 #define	MTX_FLAGMASK	(MTX_RECURSED | MTX_CONTESTED | MTX_UNOWNED)
71 
72 /*
73  * Value stored in mutex->mtx_lock to denote a destroyed mutex.
74  */
75 #define	MTX_DESTROYED	(MTX_CONTESTED | MTX_UNOWNED)
76 
77 /*
78  * Prototypes
79  *
80  * NOTE: Functions prepended with `_' (underscore) are exported to other parts
81  *	 of the kernel via macros, thus allowing us to use the cpp LOCK_FILE
82  *	 and LOCK_LINE. These functions should not be called directly by any
83  *	 code using the API. Their macros cover their functionality.
84  *	 Functions with a `_' suffix are the entrypoint for the common
85  *	 KPI covering both compat shims and fast path case.  These can be
86  *	 used by consumers willing to pass options, file and line
87  *	 informations, in an option-independent way.
88  *
89  * [See below for descriptions]
90  *
91  */
92 void	mtx_init(struct mtx *m, const char *name, const char *type, int opts);
93 void	mtx_destroy(struct mtx *m);
94 void	mtx_sysinit(void *arg);
95 void	mutex_init(void);
96 void	_mtx_lock_sleep(struct mtx *m, uintptr_t tid, int opts,
97 	    const char *file, int line);
98 void	_mtx_unlock_sleep(struct mtx *m, int opts, const char *file, int line);
99 #ifdef SMP
100 void	_mtx_lock_spin(struct mtx *m, uintptr_t tid, int opts,
101 	    const char *file, int line);
102 #endif
103 void	_mtx_unlock_spin(struct mtx *m, int opts, const char *file, int line);
104 int	_mtx_trylock(struct mtx *m, int opts, const char *file, int line);
105 void	_mtx_lock_flags(struct mtx *m, int opts, const char *file, int line);
106 void	_mtx_unlock_flags(struct mtx *m, int opts, const char *file, int line);
107 void	_mtx_lock_spin_flags(struct mtx *m, int opts, const char *file,
108 	     int line);
109 void	_mtx_unlock_spin_flags(struct mtx *m, int opts, const char *file,
110 	     int line);
111 #if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
112 void	_mtx_assert(struct mtx *m, int what, const char *file, int line);
113 #endif
114 void	_thread_lock_flags(struct thread *, int, const char *, int);
115 
116 #define	mtx_trylock_flags_(m, opts, file, line)				\
117 	_mtx_trylock((m), (opts), (file), (line))
118 
119 #define	thread_lock_flags_(tdp, opts, file, line)			\
120     _thread_lock_flags((tdp), (opts), (file), (line))
121 #define	thread_lock(tdp)						\
122     _thread_lock_flags((tdp), 0, __FILE__, __LINE__)
123 #define	thread_lock_flags(tdp, opt)					\
124     _thread_lock_flags((tdp), (opt), __FILE__, __LINE__)
125 #define	thread_unlock(tdp)						\
126        mtx_unlock_spin((tdp)->td_lock)
127 
128 #define	mtx_recurse	lock_object.lo_data
129 
130 /* Very simple operations on mtx_lock. */
131 
132 /* Try to obtain mtx_lock once. */
133 #define _mtx_obtain_lock(mp, tid)					\
134 	atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr(&(mp)->mtx_lock, MTX_UNOWNED, (tid))
135 
136 /* Try to release mtx_lock if it is unrecursed and uncontested. */
137 #define _mtx_release_lock(mp, tid)					\
138 	atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr(&(mp)->mtx_lock, (tid), MTX_UNOWNED)
139 
140 /* Release mtx_lock quickly, assuming we own it. */
141 #define _mtx_release_lock_quick(mp)					\
142 	atomic_store_rel_ptr(&(mp)->mtx_lock, MTX_UNOWNED)
143 
144 /*
145  * Full lock operations that are suitable to be inlined in non-debug
146  * kernels.  If the lock cannot be acquired or released trivially then
147  * the work is deferred to another function.
148  */
149 
150 /* Lock a normal mutex. */
151 #define __mtx_lock(mp, tid, opts, file, line) do {			\
152 	uintptr_t _tid = (uintptr_t)(tid);				\
153 									\
154 	if (!_mtx_obtain_lock((mp), _tid))				\
155 		_mtx_lock_sleep((mp), _tid, (opts), (file), (line));	\
156 	else								\
157               	LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_OBTAIN_LOCK_SUCCESS(LS_MTX_LOCK_ACQUIRE, \
158 		    mp, 0, 0, (file), (line));				\
159 } while (0)
160 
161 /*
162  * Lock a spin mutex.  For spinlocks, we handle recursion inline (it
163  * turns out that function calls can be significantly expensive on
164  * some architectures).  Since spin locks are not _too_ common,
165  * inlining this code is not too big a deal.
166  */
167 #ifdef SMP
168 #define __mtx_lock_spin(mp, tid, opts, file, line) do {			\
169 	uintptr_t _tid = (uintptr_t)(tid);				\
170 									\
171 	spinlock_enter();						\
172 	if (!_mtx_obtain_lock((mp), _tid)) {				\
173 		if ((mp)->mtx_lock == _tid)				\
174 			(mp)->mtx_recurse++;				\
175 		else							\
176 			_mtx_lock_spin((mp), _tid, (opts), (file), (line)); \
177 	} else 								\
178               	LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_OBTAIN_LOCK_SUCCESS(LS_MTX_SPIN_LOCK_ACQUIRE, \
179 		    mp, 0, 0, (file), (line));				\
180 } while (0)
181 #else /* SMP */
182 #define __mtx_lock_spin(mp, tid, opts, file, line) do {			\
183 	uintptr_t _tid = (uintptr_t)(tid);				\
184 									\
185 	spinlock_enter();						\
186 	if ((mp)->mtx_lock == _tid)					\
187 		(mp)->mtx_recurse++;					\
188 	else {								\
189 		KASSERT((mp)->mtx_lock == MTX_UNOWNED, ("corrupt spinlock")); \
190 		(mp)->mtx_lock = _tid;					\
191 	}								\
192 } while (0)
193 #endif /* SMP */
194 
195 /* Unlock a normal mutex. */
196 #define __mtx_unlock(mp, tid, opts, file, line) do {			\
197 	uintptr_t _tid = (uintptr_t)(tid);				\
198 									\
199 	if (!_mtx_release_lock((mp), _tid))				\
200 		_mtx_unlock_sleep((mp), (opts), (file), (line));	\
201 } while (0)
202 
203 /*
204  * Unlock a spin mutex.  For spinlocks, we can handle everything
205  * inline, as it's pretty simple and a function call would be too
206  * expensive (at least on some architectures).  Since spin locks are
207  * not _too_ common, inlining this code is not too big a deal.
208  *
209  * Since we always perform a spinlock_enter() when attempting to acquire a
210  * spin lock, we need to always perform a matching spinlock_exit() when
211  * releasing a spin lock.  This includes the recursion cases.
212  */
213 #ifdef SMP
214 #define __mtx_unlock_spin(mp) do {					\
215 	if (mtx_recursed((mp)))						\
216 		(mp)->mtx_recurse--;					\
217 	else {								\
218 		LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_RELEASE_LOCK(LS_MTX_SPIN_UNLOCK_RELEASE, \
219 			mp);						\
220 		_mtx_release_lock_quick((mp));				\
221 	}                                                               \
222 	spinlock_exit();				                \
223 } while (0)
224 #else /* SMP */
225 #define __mtx_unlock_spin(mp) do {					\
226 	if (mtx_recursed((mp)))						\
227 		(mp)->mtx_recurse--;					\
228 	else {								\
229 		LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_RELEASE_LOCK(LS_MTX_SPIN_UNLOCK_RELEASE, \
230 			mp);						\
231 		(mp)->mtx_lock = MTX_UNOWNED;				\
232 	}                                                               \
233 	spinlock_exit();						\
234 } while (0)
235 #endif /* SMP */
236 
237 /*
238  * Exported lock manipulation interface.
239  *
240  * mtx_lock(m) locks MTX_DEF mutex `m'
241  *
242  * mtx_lock_spin(m) locks MTX_SPIN mutex `m'
243  *
244  * mtx_unlock(m) unlocks MTX_DEF mutex `m'
245  *
246  * mtx_unlock_spin(m) unlocks MTX_SPIN mutex `m'
247  *
248  * mtx_lock_spin_flags(m, opts) and mtx_lock_flags(m, opts) locks mutex `m'
249  *     and passes option flags `opts' to the "hard" function, if required.
250  *     With these routines, it is possible to pass flags such as MTX_QUIET
251  *     to the appropriate lock manipulation routines.
252  *
253  * mtx_trylock(m) attempts to acquire MTX_DEF mutex `m' but doesn't sleep if
254  *     it cannot. Rather, it returns 0 on failure and non-zero on success.
255  *     It does NOT handle recursion as we assume that if a caller is properly
256  *     using this part of the interface, he will know that the lock in question
257  *     is _not_ recursed.
258  *
259  * mtx_trylock_flags(m, opts) is used the same way as mtx_trylock() but accepts
260  *     relevant option flags `opts.'
261  *
262  * mtx_initialized(m) returns non-zero if the lock `m' has been initialized.
263  *
264  * mtx_owned(m) returns non-zero if the current thread owns the lock `m'
265  *
266  * mtx_recursed(m) returns non-zero if the lock `m' is presently recursed.
267  */
268 #define mtx_lock(m)		mtx_lock_flags((m), 0)
269 #define mtx_lock_spin(m)	mtx_lock_spin_flags((m), 0)
270 #define mtx_trylock(m)		mtx_trylock_flags((m), 0)
271 #define mtx_unlock(m)		mtx_unlock_flags((m), 0)
272 #define mtx_unlock_spin(m)	mtx_unlock_spin_flags((m), 0)
273 
274 struct mtx_pool;
275 
276 struct mtx_pool *mtx_pool_create(const char *mtx_name, int pool_size, int opts);
277 void mtx_pool_destroy(struct mtx_pool **poolp);
278 struct mtx *mtx_pool_find(struct mtx_pool *pool, void *ptr);
279 struct mtx *mtx_pool_alloc(struct mtx_pool *pool);
280 #define mtx_pool_lock(pool, ptr)					\
281 	mtx_lock(mtx_pool_find((pool), (ptr)))
282 #define mtx_pool_lock_spin(pool, ptr)					\
283 	mtx_lock_spin(mtx_pool_find((pool), (ptr)))
284 #define mtx_pool_unlock(pool, ptr)					\
285 	mtx_unlock(mtx_pool_find((pool), (ptr)))
286 #define mtx_pool_unlock_spin(pool, ptr)					\
287 	mtx_unlock_spin(mtx_pool_find((pool), (ptr)))
288 
289 /*
290  * mtxpool_lockbuilder is a pool of sleep locks that is not witness
291  * checked and should only be used for building higher level locks.
292  *
293  * mtxpool_sleep is a general purpose pool of sleep mutexes.
294  */
295 extern struct mtx_pool *mtxpool_lockbuilder;
296 extern struct mtx_pool *mtxpool_sleep;
297 
298 #ifndef LOCK_DEBUG
299 #error LOCK_DEBUG not defined, include <sys/lock.h> before <sys/mutex.h>
300 #endif
301 #if LOCK_DEBUG > 0 || defined(MUTEX_NOINLINE)
302 #define	mtx_lock_flags_(m, opts, file, line)				\
303 	_mtx_lock_flags((m), (opts), (file), (line))
304 #define	mtx_unlock_flags_(m, opts, file, line)				\
305 	_mtx_unlock_flags((m), (opts), (file), (line))
306 #define	mtx_lock_spin_flags_(m, opts, file, line)			\
307 	_mtx_lock_spin_flags((m), (opts), (file), (line))
308 #define	mtx_unlock_spin_flags_(m, opts, file, line)			\
309 	_mtx_unlock_spin_flags((m), (opts), (file), (line))
310 #else	/* LOCK_DEBUG == 0 && !MUTEX_NOINLINE */
311 #define	mtx_lock_flags_(m, opts, file, line)				\
312 	__mtx_lock((m), curthread, (opts), (file), (line))
313 #define	mtx_unlock_flags_(m, opts, file, line)				\
314 	__mtx_unlock((m), curthread, (opts), (file), (line))
315 #define	mtx_lock_spin_flags_(m, opts, file, line)			\
316 	__mtx_lock_spin((m), curthread, (opts), (file), (line))
317 #define	mtx_unlock_spin_flags_(m, opts, file, line)			\
318 	__mtx_unlock_spin((m))
319 #endif	/* LOCK_DEBUG > 0 || MUTEX_NOINLINE */
320 
321 #ifdef INVARIANTS
322 #define	mtx_assert_(m, what, file, line)				\
323 	_mtx_assert((m), (what), (file), (line))
324 
325 #define GIANT_REQUIRED	mtx_assert_(&Giant, MA_OWNED, __FILE__, __LINE__)
326 
327 #else	/* INVARIANTS */
328 #define mtx_assert_(m, what, file, line)	(void)0
329 #define GIANT_REQUIRED
330 #endif	/* INVARIANTS */
331 
332 #define	mtx_lock_flags(m, opts)						\
333 	mtx_lock_flags_((m), (opts), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
334 #define	mtx_unlock_flags(m, opts)					\
335 	mtx_unlock_flags_((m), (opts), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
336 #define	mtx_lock_spin_flags(m, opts)					\
337 	mtx_lock_spin_flags_((m), (opts), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
338 #define	mtx_unlock_spin_flags(m, opts)					\
339 	mtx_unlock_spin_flags_((m), (opts), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
340 #define mtx_trylock_flags(m, opts)					\
341 	mtx_trylock_flags_((m), (opts), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
342 #define	mtx_assert(m, what)						\
343 	mtx_assert_((m), (what), __FILE__, __LINE__)
344 
345 #define	mtx_sleep(chan, mtx, pri, wmesg, timo)				\
346 	_sleep((chan), &(mtx)->lock_object, (pri), (wmesg), (timo))
347 
348 #define	mtx_initialized(m)	lock_initalized(&(m)->lock_object)
349 
350 #define mtx_owned(m)	(((m)->mtx_lock & ~MTX_FLAGMASK) == (uintptr_t)curthread)
351 
352 #define mtx_recursed(m)	((m)->mtx_recurse != 0)
353 
354 #define mtx_name(m)	((m)->lock_object.lo_name)
355 
356 /*
357  * Global locks.
358  */
359 extern struct mtx Giant;
360 extern struct mtx blocked_lock;
361 
362 /*
363  * Giant lock manipulation and clean exit macros.
364  * Used to replace return with an exit Giant and return.
365  *
366  * Note that DROP_GIANT*() needs to be paired with PICKUP_GIANT()
367  * The #ifndef is to allow lint-like tools to redefine DROP_GIANT.
368  */
369 #ifndef DROP_GIANT
370 #define DROP_GIANT()							\
371 do {									\
372 	int _giantcnt = 0;						\
373 	WITNESS_SAVE_DECL(Giant);					\
374 									\
375 	if (mtx_owned(&Giant)) {					\
376 		WITNESS_SAVE(&Giant.lock_object, Giant);		\
377 		for (_giantcnt = 0; mtx_owned(&Giant) &&		\
378 		    !SCHEDULER_STOPPED(); _giantcnt++)			\
379 			mtx_unlock(&Giant);				\
380 	}
381 
382 #define PICKUP_GIANT()							\
383 	PARTIAL_PICKUP_GIANT();						\
384 } while (0)
385 
386 #define PARTIAL_PICKUP_GIANT()						\
387 	mtx_assert(&Giant, MA_NOTOWNED);				\
388 	if (_giantcnt > 0) {						\
389 		while (_giantcnt--)					\
390 			mtx_lock(&Giant);				\
391 		WITNESS_RESTORE(&Giant.lock_object, Giant);		\
392 	}
393 #endif
394 
395 #define	UGAR(rval) do {							\
396 	int _val = (rval);						\
397 	mtx_unlock(&Giant);						\
398 	return (_val);							\
399 } while (0)
400 
401 struct mtx_args {
402 	struct mtx	*ma_mtx;
403 	const char 	*ma_desc;
404 	int		 ma_opts;
405 };
406 
407 #define	MTX_SYSINIT(name, mtx, desc, opts)				\
408 	static struct mtx_args name##_args = {				\
409 		(mtx),							\
410 		(desc),							\
411 		(opts)							\
412 	};								\
413 	SYSINIT(name##_mtx_sysinit, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,	\
414 	    mtx_sysinit, &name##_args);					\
415 	SYSUNINIT(name##_mtx_sysuninit, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,	\
416 	    mtx_destroy, (mtx))
417 
418 /*
419  * The INVARIANTS-enabled mtx_assert() functionality.
420  *
421  * The constants need to be defined for INVARIANT_SUPPORT infrastructure
422  * support as _mtx_assert() itself uses them and the latter implies that
423  * _mtx_assert() must build.
424  */
425 #if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
426 #define MA_OWNED	LA_XLOCKED
427 #define MA_NOTOWNED	LA_UNLOCKED
428 #define MA_RECURSED	LA_RECURSED
429 #define MA_NOTRECURSED	LA_NOTRECURSED
430 #endif
431 
432 /*
433  * Common lock type names.
434  */
435 #define	MTX_NETWORK_LOCK	"network driver"
436 
437 #endif	/* _KERNEL */
438 #endif	/* _SYS_MUTEX_H_ */
439