=encoding utf8

=head1 NAME

Mail::Mailer - send simple emails

=head1 INHERITANCE

 Mail::Mailer
   is an IO::Handle

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  use Mail::Mailer;
  use Mail::Mailer qw(mail);    # specifies default mailer

  $mailer = Mail::Mailer->new;
  $mailer = Mail::Mailer->new($type, @args);

  $mailer->open(\%headers);
  print $mailer $body;
  $mailer->close
      or die "couldn't send whole message: $!\n";

=head1 DESCRIPTION

Sends mail using any of the built-in methods.  As TYPE argument
to L<new()|Mail::Mailer/"Constructors">, you can specify any of

=over 4

=item C<sendmail>

Use the C<sendmail> program to deliver the mail.

=item C<smtp>

Use the C<smtp> protocol via Net::SMTP to deliver the mail. The server
to use can be specified in C<@args> with

 $mailer = Mail::Mailer->new('smtp', Server => $server);

The smtp mailer does not handle C<Cc> and C<Bcc> lines, neither their
C<Resent-*> fellows. The C<Debug> options enables debugging output
from C<Net::SMTP>.

[added 2.21] You may also use the C<< StartTLS => 1 >> options to upgrade
the connection with STARTTLS.  The same for option C<< SSL => 1 >>.

You may also use the C<< Auth => [ $user, $password ] >> option for SASL
authentication. To make this work, you have to install the L<Authen::SASL>
distribution yourself: it is not automatically installed.

=item C<smtps>

This option is B<deprecated> when you have C<libnet> 1.28 (2014) and above.

Use the smtp over ssl protocol via L<Net::SMTP::SSL> to deliver the mail.
Usage is identical to C<smtp>. You have to install Authen::SASL as
well.

 $mailer = Mail::Mailer->new('smtps', Server => $server);

=item C<qmail>

Use qmail's qmail-inject program to deliver the mail.

=item C<testfile>

Used for debugging, this displays the data to the file named in
C<$Mail::Mailer::testfile::config{outfile}> which defaults to a file
named C<mailer.testfile>.  No mail is ever sent.

=back

C<Mail::Mailer> will search for executables in the above order. The
default mailer will be the first one found.

=head1 METHODS

=head2 Constructors

=over 4

=item Mail::Mailer-E<gt>B<new>($type, %options)

The $type is one of the back-end sender implementations, as described in
the DESCRIPTION chapter of this manual page.  The %options are passed to
that back-end.

=item $obj-E<gt>B<open>(HASH)

The HASH consists of key and value pairs, the key being the name of
the header field (eg, C<To>), and the value being the corresponding
contents of the header field.  The value can either be a scalar
(eg, C<gnat@frii.com>) or a reference to an array of scalars
(C<< eg, ['gnat@frii.com', 'Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk'] >>).

=back

=head1 DETAILS

=head2 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

=over 4

=item PERL_MAILERS

Augments/override the build in choice for binary used to send out
our mail messages.

Format:

    "type1:mailbinary1;mailbinary2;...:type2:mailbinaryX;...:..."

Example: assume you want you use private sendmail binary instead
of mailx, one could set C<PERL_MAILERS> to:

    "mail:/does/not/exists:sendmail:$HOME/test/bin/sendmail"

On systems which may include C<:> in file names, use C<|> as separator
between type-groups.

    "mail:c:/does/not/exists|sendmail:$HOME/test/bin/sendmail"

=back

=head2 BUGS

Mail::Mailer does not help with folding, and does not protect
against various web-script hacker attacks, for instance where
a new-line is inserted in the content of the field.

=head1 SEE ALSO

This module is part of the MailTools distribution,
F<http://perl.overmeer.net/mailtools/>.

=head1 AUTHORS

The MailTools bundle was developed by Graham Barr.  Later, Mark
Overmeer took over maintenance without commitment to further development.

Mail::Cap by Gisle Aas E<lt>aas@oslonett.noE<gt>.
Mail::Field::AddrList by Peter Orbaek E<lt>poe@cit.dkE<gt>.
Mail::Mailer and Mail::Send by Tim Bunce E<lt>Tim.Bunce@ig.co.ukE<gt>.
For other contributors see ChangeLog.

=head1 LICENSE

Copyrights 1995-2000 Graham Barr E<lt>gbarr@pobox.comE<gt> and
2001-2024 Mark Overmeer E<lt>perl@overmeer.netE<gt>.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the same terms as Perl itself.
See F<http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html>

