II. Grammar

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II. Grammar
The following sentences illustrate the six parts of speech:

       fahrenheit=: 50
       (fahrenheit-32)*5%9
    10

       prices=: 3 1 4 2
       orders=: 2 0 2 1
       orders * prices
    6 0 8 2

       +/orders*prices
    16

       +/\1 2 3 4 5
    1 3 6 10 15

       bump=: 1&+
       bump prices
    4 2 5 3

PARTS of SPEECH
`50 fahrenheit` | Nouns/Pronouns
`+ - * % bump` | Verbs/Proverbs
`/ \` | Adverbs
`&` | Conjunction
`( )` | Punctuation
`=:` | Copula

Verbs act upon nouns to produce noun results; the nouns to which a particular verb applies are called its arguments. A verb may have two distinct (but usually related) meanings according to whether it is applied to one argument (to its right), or to two arguments (left and right). For example,`2%5` yields`0.4` ,`` and`%5` yields`0.2` .
An adverb acts on a single noun or verb to its left. Thus,`+/` is a derived verb (which might be called plus over) that sums an argument list to which it is applied, and`*/` gives the product of a list. A conjunction applies to two arguments, either nouns or verbs.
Punctuation is provided by parentheses that specify the sequence of execution as in elementary algebra; other punctuation includes `if. do. end.` as discussed under Explicit Definition (`:`) and Control Structures.
The word`=:` behaves like the copulas “is” and “are” in English, and is read as such, as in “area is 3 times 4” for`area=: 3*4` .`` The name`area` thus assigned is a pronoun and, as in English, it plays the role of a noun. Similar remarks apply to names assigned to verbs, adverbs, and conjunctions. Entry of a name alone displays its value. Errors are discussed in Section II.J (Errors and Suspension).

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