/*
  Copyright (c) 2002, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

  The MySQL Connector/J is licensed under the terms of the GPLv2
  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/gpl-2.0.html>, like most MySQL Connectors.
  There are special exceptions to the terms and conditions of the GPLv2 as it is applied to
  this software, see the FOSS License Exception
  <http://www.mysql.com/about/legal/licensing/foss-exception.html>.

  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
  of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2
  of the License.

  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
  without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this
  program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth
  Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301  USA

 */

package com.mysql.jdbc;

import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;

/**
 * Various utility methods for the driver.
 */
public class Util {
    class RandStructcture {
        long maxValue;

        double maxValueDbl;

        long seed1;

        long seed2;
    }

    private static Util enclosingInstance = new Util();

    private static boolean isJdbc4;

    private static boolean isJdbc42;

    private static int jvmVersion = -1;

    private static int jvmUpdateNumber = -1;

    private static boolean isColdFusion = false;

    static {
        try {
            Class.forName("java.sql.NClob");
            isJdbc4 = true;
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            isJdbc4 = false;
        }

        try {
            Class.forName("java.sql.JDBCType");
            isJdbc42 = true;
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            isJdbc42 = false;
        }

        String jvmVersionString = System.getProperty("java.version");
        int startPos = jvmVersionString.indexOf('.');
        int endPos = startPos + 1;
        if (startPos != -1) {
            while (Character.isDigit(jvmVersionString.charAt(endPos)) && ++endPos < jvmVersionString.length()) {
                // continue
            }
        }
        startPos++;
        if (endPos > startPos) {
            jvmVersion = Integer.parseInt(jvmVersionString.substring(startPos, endPos));
        } else {
            // use best approximate value
            jvmVersion = isJdbc42 ? 8 : isJdbc4 ? 6 : 5;
        }
        startPos = jvmVersionString.indexOf("_");
        endPos = startPos + 1;
        if (startPos != -1) {
            while (Character.isDigit(jvmVersionString.charAt(endPos)) && ++endPos < jvmVersionString.length()) {
                // continue
            }
        }
        startPos++;
        if (endPos > startPos) {
            jvmUpdateNumber = Integer.parseInt(jvmVersionString.substring(startPos, endPos));
        }

        //
        // Detect the ColdFusion MX environment
        // 
        // Unfortunately, no easy-to-discern classes are available to our classloader to check...
        //

        String loadedFrom = stackTraceToString(new Throwable());

        if (loadedFrom != null) {
            isColdFusion = loadedFrom.indexOf("coldfusion") != -1;
        } else {
            isColdFusion = false;
        }
    }

    public static boolean isJdbc4() {
        return isJdbc4;
    }

    public static boolean isJdbc42() {
        return isJdbc42;
    }

    public static int getJVMVersion() {
        return jvmVersion;
    }

    public static boolean jvmMeetsMinimum(int version, int updateNumber) {
        return getJVMVersion() > version || getJVMVersion() == version && getJVMUpdateNumber() >= updateNumber;
    }

    public static int getJVMUpdateNumber() {
        return jvmUpdateNumber;
    }

    public static boolean isColdFusion() {
        return isColdFusion;
    }

    /**
     * Checks whether the given server version string is a MySQL Community edition
     */
    public static boolean isCommunityEdition(String serverVersion) {
        return !isEnterpriseEdition(serverVersion);
    }

    /**
     * Checks whether the given server version string is a MySQL Enterprise edition
     */
    public static boolean isEnterpriseEdition(String serverVersion) {
        return serverVersion.contains("enterprise") || serverVersion.contains("commercial") || serverVersion.contains("advanced");
    }

    // Right from Monty's code
    public static String newCrypt(String password, String seed, String encoding) {
        byte b;
        double d;

        if ((password == null) || (password.length() == 0)) {
            return password;
        }

        long[] pw = newHash(seed.getBytes());
        long[] msg = hashPre41Password(password, encoding);
        long max = 0x3fffffffL;
        long seed1 = (pw[0] ^ msg[0]) % max;
        long seed2 = (pw[1] ^ msg[1]) % max;
        char[] chars = new char[seed.length()];

        for (int i = 0; i < seed.length(); i++) {
            seed1 = ((seed1 * 3) + seed2) % max;
            seed2 = (seed1 + seed2 + 33) % max;
            d = (double) seed1 / (double) max;
            b = (byte) java.lang.Math.floor((d * 31) + 64);
            chars[i] = (char) b;
        }

        seed1 = ((seed1 * 3) + seed2) % max;
        seed2 = (seed1 + seed2 + 33) % max;
        d = (double) seed1 / (double) max;
        b = (byte) java.lang.Math.floor(d * 31);

        for (int i = 0; i < seed.length(); i++) {
            chars[i] ^= (char) b;
        }

        return new String(chars);
    }

    public static long[] hashPre41Password(String password, String encoding) {
        // remove white spaces and convert to bytes
        try {
            return newHash(password.replaceAll("\\s", "").getBytes(encoding));
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            return new long[0];
        }
    }

    public static long[] hashPre41Password(String password) {
        return hashPre41Password(password, Charset.defaultCharset().name());
    }

    static long[] newHash(byte[] password) {
        long nr = 1345345333L;
        long add = 7;
        long nr2 = 0x12345671L;
        long tmp;

        for (byte b : password) {
            tmp = 0xff & b;
            nr ^= ((((nr & 63) + add) * tmp) + (nr << 8));
            nr2 += ((nr2 << 8) ^ nr);
            add += tmp;
        }

        long[] result = new long[2];
        result[0] = nr & 0x7fffffffL;
        result[1] = nr2 & 0x7fffffffL;

        return result;
    }

    public static String oldCrypt(String password, String seed) {
        long hp;
        long hm;
        long s1;
        long s2;
        long max = 0x01FFFFFF;
        double d;
        byte b;

        if ((password == null) || (password.length() == 0)) {
            return password;
        }

        hp = oldHash(seed);
        hm = oldHash(password);

        long nr = hp ^ hm;
        nr %= max;
        s1 = nr;
        s2 = nr / 2;

        char[] chars = new char[seed.length()];

        for (int i = 0; i < seed.length(); i++) {
            s1 = ((s1 * 3) + s2) % max;
            s2 = (s1 + s2 + 33) % max;
            d = (double) s1 / max;
            b = (byte) java.lang.Math.floor((d * 31) + 64);
            chars[i] = (char) b;
        }

        return new String(chars);
    }

    static long oldHash(String password) {
        long nr = 1345345333;
        long nr2 = 7;
        long tmp;

        for (int i = 0; i < password.length(); i++) {
            if ((password.charAt(i) == ' ') || (password.charAt(i) == '\t')) {
                continue;
            }

            tmp = password.charAt(i);
            nr ^= ((((nr & 63) + nr2) * tmp) + (nr << 8));
            nr2 += tmp;
        }

        return nr & ((1L << 31) - 1L);
    }

    private static RandStructcture randomInit(long seed1, long seed2) {
        RandStructcture randStruct = enclosingInstance.new RandStructcture();

        randStruct.maxValue = 0x3FFFFFFFL;
        randStruct.maxValueDbl = randStruct.maxValue;
        randStruct.seed1 = seed1 % randStruct.maxValue;
        randStruct.seed2 = seed2 % randStruct.maxValue;

        return randStruct;
    }

    private static double rnd(RandStructcture randStruct) {
        randStruct.seed1 = ((randStruct.seed1 * 3) + randStruct.seed2) % randStruct.maxValue;
        randStruct.seed2 = (randStruct.seed1 + randStruct.seed2 + 33) % randStruct.maxValue;

        return ((randStruct.seed1) / randStruct.maxValueDbl);
    }

    /**
     * @param message
     * @param password
     */
    public static String scramble(String message, String password) {
        long[] hashPass;
        long[] hashMessage;
        byte[] to = new byte[8];
        String val = "";

        message = message.substring(0, 8);

        if ((password != null) && (password.length() > 0)) {
            hashPass = hashPre41Password(password);
            hashMessage = newHash(message.getBytes());

            RandStructcture randStruct = randomInit(hashPass[0] ^ hashMessage[0], hashPass[1] ^ hashMessage[1]);

            int msgPos = 0;
            int msgLength = message.length();
            int toPos = 0;

            while (msgPos++ < msgLength) {
                to[toPos++] = (byte) (Math.floor(rnd(randStruct) * 31) + 64);
            }

            /* Make it harder to break */
            byte extra = (byte) (Math.floor(rnd(randStruct) * 31));

            for (int i = 0; i < to.length; i++) {
                to[i] ^= extra;
            }

            val = StringUtils.toString(to);
        }

        return val;
    }

    /**
     * Converts a nested exception into a nicer message
     * 
     * @param ex
     *            the exception to expand into a message.
     * 
     * @return a message containing the exception, the message (if any), and a
     *         stacktrace.
     */
    public static String stackTraceToString(Throwable ex) {
        StringBuilder traceBuf = new StringBuilder();
        traceBuf.append(Messages.getString("Util.1"));

        if (ex != null) {
            traceBuf.append(ex.getClass().getName());

            String message = ex.getMessage();

            if (message != null) {
                traceBuf.append(Messages.getString("Util.2"));
                traceBuf.append(message);
            }

            StringWriter out = new StringWriter();

            PrintWriter printOut = new PrintWriter(out);

            ex.printStackTrace(printOut);

            traceBuf.append(Messages.getString("Util.3"));
            traceBuf.append(out.toString());
        }

        traceBuf.append(Messages.getString("Util.4"));

        return traceBuf.toString();
    }

    public static Object getInstance(String className, Class<?>[] argTypes, Object[] args, ExceptionInterceptor exceptionInterceptor) throws SQLException {

        try {
            return handleNewInstance(Class.forName(className).getConstructor(argTypes), args, exceptionInterceptor);
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            throw SQLError.createSQLException("Can't instantiate required class", SQLError.SQL_STATE_GENERAL_ERROR, e, exceptionInterceptor);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw SQLError.createSQLException("Can't instantiate required class", SQLError.SQL_STATE_GENERAL_ERROR, e, exceptionInterceptor);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            throw SQLError.createSQLException("Can't instantiate required class", SQLError.SQL_STATE_GENERAL_ERROR, e, exceptionInterceptor);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Handles constructing new instance with the given constructor and wrapping
     * (or not, as required) the exceptions that could possibly be generated
     */
    public static final Object handleNewInstance(Constructor<?> ctor, Object[] args, ExceptionInterceptor exceptionInterceptor) throws SQLException {
        try {

            return ctor.newInstance(args);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            throw SQLError.createSQLException("Can't instantiate required class", SQLError.SQL_STATE_GENERAL_ERROR, e, exceptionInterceptor);
        } catch (InstantiationException e) {
            throw SQLError.createSQLException("Can't instantiate required class", SQLError.SQL_STATE_GENERAL_ERROR, e, exceptionInterceptor);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw SQLError.createSQLException("Can't instantiate required class", SQLError.SQL_STATE_GENERAL_ERROR, e, exceptionInterceptor);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            Throwable target = e.getTargetException();

            if (target instanceof SQLException) {
                throw (SQLException) target;
            }

            if (target instanceof ExceptionInInitializerError) {
                target = ((ExceptionInInitializerError) target).getException();
            }

            throw SQLError.createSQLException(target.toString(), SQLError.SQL_STATE_GENERAL_ERROR, target, exceptionInterceptor);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Does a network interface exist locally with the given hostname?
     * 
     * @param hostname
     *            the hostname (or IP address in string form) to check
     * @return true if it exists, false if no, or unable to determine due to VM
     *         version support of java.net.NetworkInterface
     */
    public static boolean interfaceExists(String hostname) {
        try {
            Class<?> networkInterfaceClass = Class.forName("java.net.NetworkInterface");
            return networkInterfaceClass.getMethod("getByName", (Class[]) null).invoke(networkInterfaceClass, new Object[] { hostname }) != null;
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public static Map<Object, Object> calculateDifferences(Map<?, ?> map1, Map<?, ?> map2) {
        Map<Object, Object> diffMap = new HashMap<Object, Object>();

        for (Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : map1.entrySet()) {
            Object key = entry.getKey();

            Number value1 = null;
            Number value2 = null;

            if (entry.getValue() instanceof Number) {

                value1 = (Number) entry.getValue();
                value2 = (Number) map2.get(key);
            } else {
                try {
                    value1 = new Double(entry.getValue().toString());
                    value2 = new Double(map2.get(key).toString());
                } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
                    continue;
                }
            }

            if (value1.equals(value2)) {
                continue;
            }

            if (value1 instanceof Byte) {
                diffMap.put(key, Byte.valueOf((byte) (((Byte) value2).byteValue() - ((Byte) value1).byteValue())));
            } else if (value1 instanceof Short) {
                diffMap.put(key, Short.valueOf((short) (((Short) value2).shortValue() - ((Short) value1).shortValue())));
            } else if (value1 instanceof Integer) {
                diffMap.put(key, Integer.valueOf((((Integer) value2).intValue() - ((Integer) value1).intValue())));
            } else if (value1 instanceof Long) {
                diffMap.put(key, Long.valueOf((((Long) value2).longValue() - ((Long) value1).longValue())));
            } else if (value1 instanceof Float) {
                diffMap.put(key, Float.valueOf(((Float) value2).floatValue() - ((Float) value1).floatValue()));
            } else if (value1 instanceof Double) {
                diffMap.put(key, Double.valueOf((((Double) value2).shortValue() - ((Double) value1).shortValue())));
            } else if (value1 instanceof BigDecimal) {
                diffMap.put(key, ((BigDecimal) value2).subtract((BigDecimal) value1));
            } else if (value1 instanceof BigInteger) {
                diffMap.put(key, ((BigInteger) value2).subtract((BigInteger) value1));
            }
        }

        return diffMap;
    }

    /**
     * Returns initialized instances of classes listed in extensionClassNames.
     * There is no need to call Extension.init() method after that if you don't change connection or properties.
     * 
     * @param conn
     * @param props
     * @param extensionClassNames
     * @param errorMessageKey
     * @param exceptionInterceptor
     * @throws SQLException
     */
    public static List<Extension> loadExtensions(Connection conn, Properties props, String extensionClassNames, String errorMessageKey,
            ExceptionInterceptor exceptionInterceptor) throws SQLException {
        List<Extension> extensionList = new LinkedList<Extension>();

        List<String> interceptorsToCreate = StringUtils.split(extensionClassNames, ",", true);

        String className = null;

        try {
            for (int i = 0, s = interceptorsToCreate.size(); i < s; i++) {
                className = interceptorsToCreate.get(i);
                Extension extensionInstance = (Extension) Class.forName(className).newInstance();
                extensionInstance.init(conn, props);

                extensionList.add(extensionInstance);
            }
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            SQLException sqlEx = SQLError.createSQLException(Messages.getString(errorMessageKey, new Object[] { className }), exceptionInterceptor);
            sqlEx.initCause(t);

            throw sqlEx;
        }

        return extensionList;
    }

    /** Cache for the JDBC interfaces already verified */
    private static final ConcurrentMap<Class<?>, Boolean> isJdbcInterfaceCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, Boolean>();

    /**
     * Recursively checks for interfaces on the given class to determine if it implements a java.sql, javax.sql or com.mysql.jdbc interface.
     * 
     * @param clazz
     *            The class to investigate.
     */
    public static boolean isJdbcInterface(Class<?> clazz) {
        if (Util.isJdbcInterfaceCache.containsKey(clazz)) {
            return (Util.isJdbcInterfaceCache.get(clazz));
        }

        if (clazz.isInterface()) {
            try {
                if (isJdbcPackage(Util.getPackageName(clazz))) {
                    Util.isJdbcInterfaceCache.putIfAbsent(clazz, true);
                    return true;
                }
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                /*
                 * We may experience a NPE from getPackage() returning null, or class-loading facilities.
                 * This happens when this class is instrumented to implement runtime-generated interfaces.
                 */
            }
        }

        for (Class<?> iface : clazz.getInterfaces()) {
            if (isJdbcInterface(iface)) {
                Util.isJdbcInterfaceCache.putIfAbsent(clazz, true);
                return true;
            }
        }

        if (clazz.getSuperclass() != null && isJdbcInterface(clazz.getSuperclass())) {
            Util.isJdbcInterfaceCache.putIfAbsent(clazz, true);
            return true;
        }

        Util.isJdbcInterfaceCache.putIfAbsent(clazz, false);
        return false;
    }

    /** Main MySQL JDBC package name */
    private static final String MYSQL_JDBC_PACKAGE_ROOT;

    static {
        String packageName = Util.getPackageName(MultiHostConnectionProxy.class);
        // assume that packageName contains "jdbc"
        MYSQL_JDBC_PACKAGE_ROOT = packageName.substring(0, packageName.indexOf("jdbc") + 4);
    }

    /**
     * Check if the package name is a known JDBC package.
     * 
     * @param packageName
     *            The package name to check.
     */
    public static boolean isJdbcPackage(String packageName) {
        return packageName != null
                && (packageName.startsWith("java.sql") || packageName.startsWith("javax.sql") || packageName.startsWith(MYSQL_JDBC_PACKAGE_ROOT));
    }

    /** Cache for the implemented interfaces searched. */
    private static final ConcurrentMap<Class<?>, Class<?>[]> implementedInterfacesCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, Class<?>[]>();

    /**
     * Retrieves a list with all interfaces implemented by the given class. If possible gets this information from a cache instead of navigating through the
     * object hierarchy. Results are stored in a cache for future reference.
     * 
     * @param clazz
     *            The class from which the interface list will be retrieved.
     * @return
     *         An array with all the interfaces for the given class.
     */
    public static Class<?>[] getImplementedInterfaces(Class<?> clazz) {
        Class<?>[] implementedInterfaces = Util.implementedInterfacesCache.get(clazz);
        if (implementedInterfaces != null) {
            return implementedInterfaces;
        }

        Set<Class<?>> interfaces = new LinkedHashSet<Class<?>>();
        Class<?> superClass = clazz;
        do {
            Collections.addAll(interfaces, (Class<?>[]) superClass.getInterfaces());
        } while ((superClass = superClass.getSuperclass()) != null);

        implementedInterfaces = interfaces.toArray(new Class<?>[interfaces.size()]);
        Class<?>[] oldValue = Util.implementedInterfacesCache.putIfAbsent(clazz, implementedInterfaces);
        if (oldValue != null) {
            implementedInterfaces = oldValue;
        }
        return implementedInterfaces;
    }

    /**
     * Computes the number of seconds elapsed since the given time in milliseconds.
     * 
     * @param timeInMillis
     *            The past instant in milliseconds.
     * @return
     *         The number of seconds, truncated, elapsed since timeInMillis.
     */
    public static long secondsSinceMillis(long timeInMillis) {
        return (System.currentTimeMillis() - timeInMillis) / 1000;
    }

    /**
     * Converts long to int, truncating to maximum/minimum value if needed.
     * 
     * @param longValue
     * @return
     */
    public static int truncateAndConvertToInt(long longValue) {
        return longValue > Integer.MAX_VALUE ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : longValue < Integer.MIN_VALUE ? Integer.MIN_VALUE : (int) longValue;
    }

    /**
     * Converts long[] to int[], truncating to maximum/minimum value if needed.
     * 
     * @param longArray
     * @return
     */
    public static int[] truncateAndConvertToInt(long[] longArray) {
        int[] intArray = new int[longArray.length];

        for (int i = 0; i < longArray.length; i++) {
            intArray[i] = longArray[i] > Integer.MAX_VALUE ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : longArray[i] < Integer.MIN_VALUE ? Integer.MIN_VALUE : (int) longArray[i];
        }
        return intArray;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the package name of the given class.
     * Using clazz.getPackage().getName() is not an alternative because under some class loaders the method getPackage() just returns null.
     * 
     * @param clazz
     *            the Class from which to get the package name
     * @return the package name
     */
    public static String getPackageName(Class<?> clazz) {
        String fqcn = clazz.getName();
        int classNameStartsAt = fqcn.lastIndexOf('.');
        if (classNameStartsAt > 0) {
            return fqcn.substring(0, classNameStartsAt);
        }
        return "";
    }
}